The questions are arising from situations where the caster simply doesn't know if her target exists or not, or is where she thinks it is or not.
If there's no statues in the room and I cast a spell - let's say Stone to Flesh - targeting the statue in the corner, the spell's going to do nothing (and I-as-player probably need more beer or less beer, depending how deep into the session we are) because there ain't no statue to target. But I've still gone through the motions, I've still cast a useless spell, and I've still burned up the slot.
But if I walk into an empty room and suspect there's someone invisible in there, what can possibly stop me from declaring I'm casting a spell targeting
this point
here on the map, kind of like a trial-by-error fishing expedition? If there's nothing there, I've wasted the spell as above. If I get lucky and there just happens to be something there, yay for me.