I must admit I don't want actual medieval politics - but then again, actual feudalism is kinda rare in fantasy stories. The trappings are there (noble titles and whatnot) but in practice, we tend to want something more like post-imperial not-quite-anarchy, where everywhere beyond the town walls is lawless and dangerous, but brave heroes might be able to bring some light to it. That's the power fantasy behind it all - evil is real and you can hit it with a sword. That's what the adventures are about, after all. cf the 4e Points of Light concept.
It's probably more reflective of the "Wild West" than the Middle Ages or even the so-called Dark Ages (they were never quite that chaotic), but I think Westerns as a genre had a much bigger influence on the fantasy genre than most people (even the writers of fantasy!) often realize.
Which is probably why Space Westerns work pretty well for ttrpgs, incidentally.
(If you don't have relative lawlessness, then regular people being as regularly violent as DnD characters would strain credulity. The alternative is to single out the pc's as not being subject to those rules, either because they're government agents or they're rebels. O something else, I guess.)