101 Non-Asian Monk Styles

Well in all honestly, while there are concepts similar to the monk that might fit a medieval European setting with no asian elements, I don't think the monk class as written matches those. Greco-Roman wrestlers, for instance, were not famed for an amazing ability to run faster than anyone else, or leap tremendous distances. Those abilities come from Asian philosophy. (The closer one gets to enlightenment, the less 'weight' you have in the world. Thus the fighting and jumping in Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon and other wuxia films.)
 
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I don't think there was any particular historical European order that took unarmed martial arts to such an extreme - and I emphasise unarmed martial arts, because martial arts also includes things like bearded axes and pikes, if you want to get pedantic.

But there are records of people with skills that approach monkish levels. An acrobat or all-rounder athlete might fill the notch. Consider a Spartan champion (proto-European, but still European). A normal Spartan warrior had immense endurance, combat training, and strength - admittedly, they used spears and armour as well. But when it came to the Olympics, they didn't use props, they competed naked. And in the Olympics, things such as speed, hurdle jumping, wrestling prowess and accuracy (with thrown weapons) were most important. That sounds suspiciously monk-like to me. (Of course, all the Spartans would start off taking Fighter levels to get good with their longspears and heavy armour, but that probably explains why no Spartans were known for, say, walking through walls like high-level monks.)

And correct me if I'm wrong here, but I've heard that kung fu was developed by Shaolin monks after Buddha passed by their monastary and taught them a set of exercises. The story may be false (I really don't know if I'm even quoting it correctly), but the idea of a developed set of exercises could lead any small group to a path of inner mastery. Especially in, oh say Dark Ages Europe when it wasn't exactly safe to hang around lying on the hill side all day remarking on the beauty of the world.

And I like the idea of a Strange Visitor From Another World (tm) running around discovering his powers...

Doesn't really take much work to figure something out. D&D's all about characters with ridiculous abilities (like spellcasting), there's bound to be some justification for someone with superhuman powers.
 

CCamfield said:
(The closer one gets to enlightenment, the less 'weight' you have in the world. Thus the fighting and jumping in Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon and other wuxia films.)

Example 1: Yoda, Attack of the Clones.
 
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fusangite said:
The argument that I put forward in another thread is that the European-style fantasy setting doesn't really have a monk class that resembles the D&D monk.

I think this is probably a confusion over what I meant by "European" in flavour. I think I must have a narrower definition than normal. I'm not including in my definition of "European" anything outside of the continent of Europe; thus, I'm not including such places as Alexandria. Thus, I don't fully understand why people would dispute this point by citing asian examples, such as the assassins, athletes of God or thugee.

Personally I think this takes an overly limited view of what constitutes 'Europe' and what kinds of people could be found in Europe during the DnD era (late medieval/early renaisance imho).

For instance the Moors were in Spain providing a link to the Middle East (Othello the Hashashin!) not only that but Turkey has long been associated with Europe.
We know that the Crusades ranged into the Middle East - anyone remember the character Nasir from Robin of Sherwood (TV prog.)

You also have the Mongol Invasion of Eastern Europe and reaching almost as far as Vienna before the Great Khans death. What if Ghenghis Khan hadn't died and the Mongols had pushed on into Western Europe (thats what happened imc)....

Still during this 'Mongol' era you have Marco Polo (and co.s) travels across the silk road to China - really in a fantasy world why couldn't this happen the other direction and allow Chinese traders to come to Europe
 

- An order who teaches enlightenment through alchemy. They imbibe "potions" which grant them amazing abilities. Increased Awareness (Monk AC bonuses), more precise combat abilities (monk hth damage), spell resistance and so forth.

- I played in a Thieves' Guild type D&D campaign and played a monk (1e). Nobody knew except the DM because I never backstabbed.
 

Greek Athletes

Greco-Roman wrestlers, for instance, were not famed for an amazing ability to run faster than anyone else, or leap tremendous distances. Those abilities come from Asian philosophy.
A Greek pentathlete would be known for running fast, jumping high, throwing far, and wrestling well; the five events of the ancient pentathlon are running, broadjumping (with weights), throwing a (heavy) discus, throwing a javelin, and wrestling. Other popular sports would include boxing, pankration (no-holds-barred fighting), and chariot racing.

Obviously ancient Greek athletes can run fast, jump far, and fight unarmed. Most of the other Monk abilities make little sense for a Greek athlete though, including the Wisdom-based AC bonus, Still Mind, etc.
 

Tonguez says

Personally I think this (fusangite adds: defining Europe as the continent of Europe) takes an overly limited view of what constitutes 'Europe' and what kinds of people could be found in Europe during the DnD era (late medieval/early renaisance imho).

For instance the Moors were in Spain providing a link to the Middle East (Othello the Hashashin!) not only that but Turkey has long been associated with Europe.
We know that the Crusades ranged into the Middle East - anyone remember the character Nasir from Robin of Sherwood (TV prog.)

You also have the Mongol Invasion of Eastern Europe and reaching almost as far as Vienna before the Great Khans death. What if Ghenghis Khan hadn't died and the Mongols had pushed on into Western Europe (thats what happened imc)....

Still during this 'Mongol' era you have Marco Polo (and co.s) travels across the silk road to China - really in a fantasy world why couldn't this happen the other direction and allow Chinese traders to come to Europe

Yes. But in every one of the cases you cite, Europeans did not view this particular part of 'the Orient' as part of their world. Nowhere am I arguing that Europe was isolated from the rest of the world. I'm simply arguing that Asian culture was not European culture -- not that Asian culture was unknown to European culture.

Even if I accept everything you say unconditionally, Monks, by your own admission, would be essentially aliens in European culture -- strange emigrants from other, Eastern cultures. All I was arguing was that the monk, as described in the core rules, was alien to European culture. As far as I can tell, all you're doing in your post is agreeing with me.

As to the specifics of the claims you make, Ccamfield is correct in stating that this idea of lightness and the emphasis on unarmed combat is not part of Muslim civilization. Thus, although the Assassin prestige class is easily combatible with the medieval Muslim world, the Monk class is not. Similarly, there is no record of the Mongols adopting any of the Chinese ideas of martial arts. The region which became the Khanate of the Golden Horde and later, Russia, while sending cavalry levies to China, never imported any of the Chinese philosophies -- Daoists and Buddhists would be as hard to find in medieval Russia as in any other area of Europe.

Furthermore, as I should have said in my original post, calling the class 'Monk' makes integrating this martial artist class into European fantasy all the more difficult because there existed in medieval Europe a group of people called monks who bore absolutely no resemblance to the individuals described as monks in the core rules. Neither the mendicant nor the cloistered regular clergy had a skill set that bears the slightest resemblance to monks; depending on what sort of monks they were, Paladins, Clerics, Bards and Rogues all serve as better models of this particular ability set.
 

A normal Spartan warrior had immense endurance, combat training, and strength - admittedly, they used spears and armour as well. But when it came to the Olympics, they didn't use props, they competed naked.
Actually, not all Olympic events were naked. In fact, one important running event was, basically, a half-mile in full armor:
There were 4 types of races at Olympia. The stadion was the oldest event of the Games. Runners sprinted for 1 stade (192 m.), or the length of the stadium. The other races were a 2-stade race (384 m.), and a long-distance run which ranged from 7 to 24 stades (1,344 m. to 4,608 m.).

And if these races weren't enough, the Greeks had one particularly grueling event which we lack. There was also a 2 to 4-stade (384 m. to 768 m.) race by athletes in armor. This race was especially useful in building the speed and stamina that Greek men needed during their military service. If we remember that the standard hoplite armor (helmet, shield, and greaves)weighed about 50-60 lbs, it is easy to imagine what such an event must have been like.
 
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One more thing: people are bringing up the Greco-Roman wrestler. As classical studies is not my field, I'm genuinely interested in details of this profession/group: did the practitioners of this art have a particular ideology? how were they organized? what set of abilities were they trained with? was their wrestling an activity or a way of life?
 

One more thing: people are bringing up the Greco-Roman wrestler. As classical studies is not my field, I'm genuinely interested in details of this profession/group: did the practitioners of this art have a particular ideology?
The Greek athletic tradition is, more or less, the sporting tradition we inherited. Athletic training was always "sold" as a way to train for war -- very important if you're living amongst warring city-states -- but it took on a life of its own, and became a road to fame and fortune. Winning an Olympic event was worth a lot of money.

So, while it's not associated with any particular ascetic ideology, a popular wrestler might go on to become a famous philosopher -- like Plato.
How were they organized?
I believe more-or-less like a boxing gym. You trained at the palaestra under a coach. Such gyms were common. A sport like wrestling was a popular hobby. You'd wrestle or throw the javelin the same way modern folks might join a pick-up basketball game.
What set of abilities were they trained with?
I already mentioned the most popular sports: running, jumping, throwing, wrestling, boxing, pankration.
Was their wrestling an activity or a way of life?
Both, I'm sure, but it didn't have any mystic mumbo-jumbo associated with -- beyond the kind we're used to: it builds character (they used the term "arete"), etc.
 
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