I no longer have my copy of the first edition rules, but it said something along the lines of "the term monster is used to refer to anything that isn't a player character". It may have been in the PHB, but I think it was in the DMG.Unless you can find a quote to the contrary, the impression I've always got is that NPCs can be monsters and monsters can be NPCs but it's more of a partial overlap rather than completely synonymous.
In my view the gaining of xp is not limited only to adventurers - and there's no good internally consistent rationale that says otherwise.
And, in 1e RAW, by gaining treasure and by playing to one's alignment.RAW, xp is gained by killing monsters, so everyone who isn't an adventurer would be permanently stuck at 1st level.
A 10th level librarian or farmer or bank manger isn't going to exist as none of those are classes in which one can earn xp.But it's not really about xp and levels, it's about skillsets. A 10th level farmer or librarian or bank manager or sheepdog isn't going to have the same skills as a 10th level adventurer.
Here we disagree; I see the classes as describing anyone who would reasonably fit into one. Any soldier, for example, is automatically on its way to being a Fighter if not already there. Any urchin or street thief is either already a Thief or well on its way to becoming one. Any acolyte in a temple has the potential to become a Cleric given enough time and devotion but need never leave the temple in order to do so.Adventuring classes ONLY DESCRIBE ADVENTURERS. They are not meant to describe the general population.
For anything in a class I'd toss this and replace with the hit dice appropriate to that class - which may still be a d8. But soldiers becoming Fighters would use a d10, a street urchin becoming a thief would use d6, and so forth.Most notably, RAW all medium creatures use a d8 hit dice. This is reflected in the "sidekicks" rules in the Essentials Kit (which actually work well if you want to give non-adventurers levels).
You are free to impose any rules you like on your world, but it is neither RAW or RAI for D&D. In D&D the player characters are HEROES. They are Conan, they are Luke Skywalker. "Any soldier" is the city watch, the temple guards, the stormtroopers. Heroes can plough through dozens of "any soldiers" without breaking into a sweat, they have skills that "any soldiers" can never aspire to.Here we disagree; I see the classes as describing anyone who would reasonably fit into one. Any soldier, for example, is automatically on its way to being a Fighter if not already there. Any urchin or street thief is either already a Thief or well on its way to becoming one. Any acolyte in a temple has the potential to become a Cleric given enough time and devotion but need never leave the temple in order to do so.
good thing this is 5e and not 1e.Wrong. According to the first edition DMG "NPC" and "monster" are synonymous.
This is true, but 3ed has left a strong legacy in term of « any monster can have class level ». Some group have develop play style where pc and npc share the same mechanics and possibilities. A Pc wizard is only a wizard among others.You are free to impose any rules you like on your world, but it is neither RAW or RAI for D&D. In D&D the player characters are HEROES. They are Conan, they are Luke Skywalker. "Any soldier" is the city watch, the temple guards, the stormtroopers. Heroes can plough through dozens of "any soldiers" without breaking into a sweat, they have skills that "any soldiers" can never aspire to.
As for clerics, the PHB (5e) has this to say about them: "not every acolyte at a temple or shrine is a cleric....priesthood amounts to a political office...involving no communion with a god at all. True clerics are rare in most hierarchies."
Sure, you can play that way if you like, but that might mean certain modules can't be converted to your setting. And you can't blame the rules for that, because the cause is your house rules, not he core rules.This is true, but 3ed has left a strong legacy in term of « any monster can have class level ». Some group have develop play style where pc and npc share the same mechanics and possibilities. A Pc wizard is only a wizard among others.
it is not core assumption, but totally viable.
Unless you can find a quote to the contrary, the impression I've always got is that NPCs can be monsters and monsters can be NPCs but it's more of a partial overlap rather than completely synonymous.
A nonplayer character is any character controlled by the Dungeon Master. NPCs can be enemies or allies, regular folk or named monsters. They include the local innkeeper, the old wizard who lives in the tower on the outskirts of town, the death knight out to destroy the kingdom, and the dragon counting gold in its cavernous lair.

(Dungeons & Dragons)
Rulebook featuring "high magic" options, including a host of new spells.