Blue
Ravenous Bugblatter Beast of Traal
Say we have 12 different values for c - 0.1, 0.1, 0.025, 0.05, 0.01, 0.003, etc - modelling your differing rates. The question is whether that mathematically differs from using an average of those rates? In some instances it is obvious that it does not, e.g. the sum of 1 then 2 then 3, each times 97, is the same as 2 then 2 then 2, each times 97. The estimate is based on using (1-c)^f to get a survival chance over f encounters. Perhaps you're saying that there will exist a mathematical difference between using that simple formula with a constant for c, versus using a summation. Is that right?
No. What I am saying is that the chance will fluctuate dramatically based on the number and distribution of short and long rests within f.
Perhaps you are instead or also saying that our second DM always uses fewer rests per encounter, so all their encounters are more lethal, and that is your main concern? That amounts to saying second DM is using a higher value for c, and does not challenge the argument. It only says pick a larger value for c, for that DM.
A single DM can easily vary the number of encounters per day based on storytelling (and other) needs - this need not be a per DM variation.
[EDIT: Intuitively, a summation shouldn't differ from exponentiation using the average. In the end, they're both a series of multiplications. But I was thinking of creating a Monte Carlo sim for it, and generating an array of c's can tie into that.)
You are using the wrong numbers because you are ignoring a factor in them, so that it doesn't matter if summation nor exponentiation is correct. Picture instead that lethality is a complex number c+bi, with one factor as the inherent deadliness of the encounter (size, terrain/hazard adjustments, etc.) and the other is resources available/spent - the context. If you treat these as simple numbers you are neglecting the bi part so your results will be wrong.