I buy a lot of minerals out of Afghanistan- gemstones, mostly- so I had been aware of that one. But the problem remains the same for the rare earths as it does for the gemstones- the chaos within Afghanistan makes it difficult to get the stuff out. And this is worse news for something like rare earths.
A tourmaline mine, for instance, can be profitably run on a very small scale. It can be profitable with a small staff of miners, administrators and security working a single site.
Rare earths, OTOH, require a lot of heavy machinery, and are usually strip mined, and nobody is going to want to invest in that kind of venture with the kind of sociopolitical tumult that is going on right now.
Still, if the Afghanis can get their act together, it very well could be a boon to that nation akin to what the major oil producers bring in.