CB, I personally am not a big proponent of String Theory per se..l
I'm not either, in as much as it doesn't appear to be testable. Of course, it points to a general problem science is running into right now, in that its increasingly unclear how many of the big questions that science would like to answer will ever be testable. I used to work in genetics, and you'd do these statistical reconstructions to try to create a philogenetic tree to answer questions like, "When did turtles branch off from the main reptile group, and for that matter are these things we call reptiles even closely related to each other at all?" And the problem with that is that at best all you will ever have is a good guess, because the event you are trying to describe is lost to history somewhere in the distant distant past and we know for a fact that information isn't conserved. All we can talk about are 'likely' events, but we can never reconstruct the actual event itself.
What happened 'before' the big bang? Does the question even have meaning? If it doesn't have meaning, why did time suddenly begin when it did? Are we just one universe of many, and if we are how will we ever know?
At my most skeptical, this reduces most paelentology for me to a level just above that of 'Just So Stories'. How did the fish get his legs? How did the bird get his wings? How did the insect learn to fly? Even if you have a good guess from the evidence, how do you test that event and reproduce it in a lab? As a computer scientist, I'm even more skeptical of computer modeling as a solution, because its really only one step removed from Aristotle sitting in his closet imagining what the world must be like. The complexity of the model just serves to hide its utter banality and independence from reality. As any game player ought to know, just because the results feel or look realistic, doesn't mean the underlying engine has anything to do with how the world really works. It just means you've massaged the simulation to the point that it feels right.
Think for instance of God...
See, I just wasn't going to go there.
Of course gravity as we know it probably breaks down at the quantum level...
Alot of things break down at the quantum level, which is itself a really mysterious problem. Why is the quantum level so jittery? What force is driving all this randomness, and is it really random or is that just or best approximation of it because we can't see what is really going on?
If magic can play with quantum probabilities, you've pretty much got your whole scientific magic problem solved right there. The spontaneous creation of energy or items, teleportation, levitation, time travel, etc. are all basically just really unlikely quantum events. Though the probability of any of them occuring in the lifetime of the universe is essentially zero, none are strictly speaking impossible. For me this raises a really interesting point, which is, if anything is possible, then if we saw magic how would we ever know it was magic and not merely a really unlikely random event? Any sequence of unlikely events could simply be explained as that. For example, we might imagine a visiting magician trying to prove he was a wizard, so something like the following might happen:
Wizard: "I'm going to drop this crystal vase, and it will land intact on the floor. Ta duh!"
Scientist: "That proves nothing. There is a million to 1 chance of that happening. You just got lucky."
Wizard: "Fine. I'm going to levitate this apple in the air. Ta duh!"
Scientist: "That proves nothing. There is a 1 in 10^23 chance of that happening. You just got lucky."
Wizard: "Fine. I'm going to throw this baseball through this pane of glass, harming neither the baseball or the pane of glass. Ta duh!"
Scientist: "That proves nothing. There is a 1 in 10^60 chance of that happening. You just got lucky."
Wizard: "Well, what would it take to convince you of my sorcerous power."
Scientist: "Well, you could do something that is impossible."
Wizard: "Nevermind then, I'll just go away."
Scientist: "Just as well, I never believed in you anyway. The idea of a wizard is just far too improbable to believe."
And I'm peculiar to the idea that there are still many forms of energy (and maybe some forms of matter) that exist beyond the range of both human sensory capabilities, and current human technology, so the idea of forces and forms of energy (or even dimensional spaces and temporal currents) moving or acting perpendicular to, or even obliquely against, normal dimensional structures appeals to me.
Actually, I'm not terribly fond of that notion, although I don't dismiss it as impossible. I'm not even convinced that the so called 'dark matter' and 'dark energy' aren't experimental error or even, as was in the case of Michelson–Morley experiment, evidence of something we have no expectation of, and we are awaiting some Einstein to tell us what our measurements really mean.
At heart, I'm a scientist. I believe the world is studiable and knowable. I just accept that there are probably limits to how knowable the world actually is. But the idea that there are common things like fundamental forces out there that we can't observe because they have no effect on how the universe works is one I'm deeply skeptical of. If there is anything left unknown, it must be either really big or really small, for otherwise we'd have observed it at least indirectly.