I guess "anyone taking a very high risk to gain both fame and fortune" (so that dis-counts a lot of athletes, extreme sport types, some scientists and such), where the risk is often other 'humans' and 'monsters' as well as climate, disease,
Pirates and privateers in c17th
20th century victorian genetleman after big game and lost cities
eygptian tomb raiders
seekers of aztec gold
folk looking for mythical places such as the elephants graveyeard, shangri-la, etc
lower scale stuff like the grave robber mentioned earlier and 'artful dodger' types
victorian independent detectives
modern day bounty hunter
actually probably quite a lot of victorian stuff
1830-1870's wild west guns for hire, prospectors and such. (such things in 'injun' territory)
crusaders perhaps,
ancient greeks