Perhaps there are still two kinds of rest, but how long they take is based on what kind of play you're engaging with?
A short rest while on military campaign is a lengthy time because you're binding wounds, attending the sick, assessing supplies (and possibly foraging to replace them), setting up or tearing down shelter, etc. A long rest is very long because you have to build actual defenses, a latrine, a lookout, etc., not just set up tents and the cookout area.
A short rest while in an urban environment is quite different, because you're...doing a very different kind of adventuring.