Ghosts' Horrifying Visage can seriously reduce a character's life expectancy if they fail their save and are unlucky on the d4 roll. An extra 40 years of age if you're playing a human or half-orc who's already at the 'grizzled veteran' end of the spectrum will put you well into the pensioner bracket - permanently if you're more than 24 hours away from a spellcaster capable of casting greater restoration. Multiple ghosts in short succession could easily be fatal, and since it's technically death due to extreme old age, you're out of luck for resurrection at any level.
Flying Snakes - 1/8 CR. Only 5 hp, but AC 14, 60ft fly speed with Flyby ability. +6 to hit doing 1 piercing plus 7 poison. Against a swarm of them, if you don't have AoE damage (or poison resistance), you will die.
From Fifth Edition Foes, the Giant Slug of P’nakh. CR 4, but two of them (with two Astral Sharks) were a handy challenge for five 13th-level characters. Nearly killed the rogue, and my sorcerer was out of commision for most of the combat.
LOL. So ponies usurp the domestic cat as the unforseen bane of low-level character in this edition.
I don’t remember the edition but I remember swans being very, very scary.

(Dungeons & Dragons)
Rulebook featuring "high magic" options, including a host of new spells.