They wouldn't be caught unawares when they died 40 years after the cataclysm.
Even if you scale - a major part of elves as they are typically written is that they're not very fertile, and their population heavily weighted to older individuals. In older rule-sets, the Venerable category was something like half their maximum lifespan! Those older elves are going to die off in much less than 40 years.
Now, I admit I am reading a bit into the word "cataclysm" - I'm guessing the effects are supposed to be, well, cataclysmic. As in "not easy to survive". I'm thinking Haiti, but wide-scale, where nobody has any aid to spare, because everyone's hit by the same event. When world situations go bad, do we somehow think the old are going to have an easy time of it? No. They're going to die.
If that's not your cataclysm, well, then we have some language issues to work out
