The Nature of "Lawful"

What kind of Act was it?

  • Lawful. The man acted according to well-established beliefs.

    Votes: 61 31.6%
  • Chaotic. The man murdered someone and broke the law.

    Votes: 76 39.4%
  • Neither. Killing is Neutral.

    Votes: 29 15.0%
  • Other. (Please explain below.)

    Votes: 27 14.0%

I went with other because alingment is silly taking all thought and putting it into 9 different catagories just doesn't sit well with me. Alingment should be pared down to a minimum if one must use it. Ideally it shouldn't be used at all.
 

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Wow, what a great thread! Thanks Lord Pendragon and all who have contributed, many very good and thought provoking points have been raised.

Although there are clearly several valid interpretations, after considering this thread I have come down on the side of 'Chaotic'.

I agree with Lord Pendragon that 'Law' and 'Chaos' have to be objective forces in a D&D universe, like 'Good' and 'Evil'. That doesn't mean that their definitions have to prevent any internal conflict. I think that 'Good' is analogous, with the way smiting evil can conflict with mercy in some circumstances.

I suggest that 'Law' is the principle of structure and stability. Crystal forming, in a way. Having a consistent code of behaviour is lawful, but obeying society's laws which provide a larger scale structure and stability is also lawful. To be truly lawful you have to try to balance both, and there isn't always going to be a 'right' answer, just like 'Good'.

In the example case it seems to me that the fighter has not attempted to work within the country's legal structure, even though the penalty demanded by the law agrees with his own code. To me that makes it a Chaotic act. I think this failure to attempt to respect the local laws outweighs his internal consistency, even if his code was 'I must kill these criminals as soon as I identify them' rather than 'these criminals must be killed to protect others'. (As others have noted, it wasn't a choice between killing the perp and turning a blind eye altogether!)

If the local law was completely incompatible with his personal code, I still think the act would be on balance Chaotic as it damages a larger structure for the sake of a smaller one.

Why is it important what kind of act it was?

For Paladins and Monks it does matter. In these cases I suggest that the order the act should be judged against is the one which gives them their class abilities. Obviously more interpretation here but I think that for the Paladin it would be the code of their order or deity. If the act is in accordance with the god's commandments then I think it should not affect the Paladin abilities even if it decreases the overall order of the universe :) . For the Monk, the restriction seems to be based on self-discipline, so breaking the law of the land would be irrelevant.

Just my 2c. From this thread it is clear there are many convincing alternatives.

Cheers!
 

Malic said:
If the local law was completely incompatible with his personal code, I still think the act would be on balance Chaotic as it damages a larger structure for the sake of a smaller one.
You seem to believe that the Order of a society is "greater" or more universally significant than the Order within a single soul. I disagree. For me, the Order within a single soul, on the substantive level, is just as significant as the Order of a community, if not moreso.

But even if we set that aside, you seem to disagree with one of the primary aspects of my interpretation. My assertion is that a single PC need not embody every aspect of Order in order to be considered "Lawful" in alignment. Just as some Good characters will be merciless, while others will shy away from punishing the evil. If a character's claim to Lawful alignment is through internal Order, then legal systems don't have any bearing on his Lawfulness. He can break them every day, and never cease to be Lawful, because he was never Lawful in the sense that he is Law-Abiding in the first place. His Lawfulness expresses itself differently. It's the same as a Good character who punishes wrongdoers. He doesn't cease being Good because he fails to offer villains mercy. Mercy was never his claim to Good in the first place.

You seem to concede this point regarding monks:
For the Monk, the restriction seems to be based on self-discipline, so breaking the law of the land would be irrelevant.
I maintain that this can be applied to any Lawful character. If their claim to the Lawful alignment is based on personal discipline, then they only lose that claim if they lose their discipline.
 

Hey man - just providing clarity in my example, not insult.

Lord Pendragon said:
Um...I have no problem understanding your point. I don't need to "try" to understand it. I simply disagree with it. Or rather, I don't believe your view of Lawfulness is exclusive. It's one expression of Lawfulness among several.

I certainly didn't mean to sound condesending. Apologies if you took it that way LP. We agree to disagree then.

As for your comments above, you assumed I used this interpretation exclusively. In fact, I never state that this is the only interpretation. In fact, I concede that there ARE multiple viewpoints and that for convenience most people pick one as an anchor to simplify the game for everyone.

Lord Pendragon said:
You seem to believe that the Order of a society is "greater" or more universally significant than the Order within a single soul. I disagree. For me, the Order within a single soul, on the substantive level, is just as significant as the Order of a community, if not moreso.

You just proved my point. Chaos vs. Law is micro vs. macro conflict.

Morals are a personal code. They relate to one individal's perceptions of themselves and what is right for them. Thus they are micro in nature.

I'll repeat this from my previous thread because it is very important.

Izerath said:
Per Webster's, Ethics are a system of moral principles; the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of actions or a particular group, culture, etc.

Ethics are structured set of moral codes for a group. They are intrisically macro, because they apply to more than one individual. Ethics are typically based upon the 'majorities' moral code, or in other words, what personal codes of conduct we all believe we should follow. We write laws by classifying behavior into that which is acceptable and that which is not.

When our own micro code conflicts with the macro code, what happens?

We either break the law (holding to our micro view), or we abide by it (going along with the macro view), depending on which code of conduct we deem as more important. If we break it, it is a chaotic decision, indicating our personal preferences take precedence over society's preferences.

Lord Pendragon said:
My assertion is that a single PC need not embody every aspect of Order in order to be considered "Lawful" in alignment.

I couldn't agree more. I certainly adjudicate alignment this way. For MOST PC's, one act does not make the alignment. I am not saying the fighter in the example is chaotic, but that he merely commited a chaotic act by murdering the offender.

For Paladins, this one act may be the exception to this rule based on their requirements. One chaotic act would certainly demand atonement from a Paladin. Again, exception, not rule.

Umbra said:
These types are preferences only. They are not labels saying you always do x in these types of situations. They simply show what your preferences are: how you normally react but not how you always react; what increases your energy level normally but not always, etc.

Umbra's mention of the Myers-Briggs shows that we try to classify behavior into a structure and that even then, each classification only indicates our preferences. I agree with this interpretation as well. However, when I interpret a PC's action to determine if it is lawful or chaotic, I look at the individual vs. the whole. If it is contrary to the whole, then it is chaotic.

For example, if the same fighter went from country to country and continued to murder offenders to his personal code as a habit, then I would say it is his preference to ignore societal laws and thus he would have to change his alignment to chaotic.

Ultimately, the law vs. chaos aspect of alignment is a classification of how we fit into society, not the personal moral code we uphold. It is certainly much easier to interpret things this way.

I hold to this viewpoint because taking any other approach at the individual level never breeds concensus or consistency, which is critical for fair game play. This entire thread proves that point. No one can ever agree if each of us taints the definition of the "whole" with our own individual beliefs before we try to interpret the definition. It only breeds bias.

I wish you luck in continuing to interpret things from a micro level. It will certainly make your life and your game more complex to manage. There is certainly nothing wrong with it, but it is a more complex approach than I think it needs to be.

Respectfully,
 

Zweischneid said:
As it is, since he just plain killed the culprit.
A good character would have tried out all other possible means of solving the situation (starting with trying to redeem the poor soul), resorting to violence and bloodshed only in self-defence.

Being good doesn't come from slaying evil (or if it would, the strongest Orc in the Tribe would always have a bunch of Paladin Levels to his name).

To me committing Evil acts you believe are Good is more Evil than committing acts you admit to yourself are Evil. It's because when you claim an Evil act you commit is Good, it shows how perverted and warped you really are, how ruthless you are and is essentially is the greatest blasphemy anyone can perform.
 


Tonguez said:
tell the truth - irrelevant to this scenario,
keep their word -yes, if it includes keeping his personal beleifs
respect authority - No, he broke the law in defiance of local authority
honor tradition - Yes, his tradition
judge those who fall short of their duties - Yes, a Pedophile falls short

So on balance this fighter gets 3/5 on the Lawful behaviour chart so stays Lawful (though straying towards Neutral)

the stuff about “Law” (implies honor, trustworthiness, obedience to authority, and reliability) and 'Chaos' are Cultural points which define Lawful society not behaviours of a lawful character

I'll have to do this more often.
 

Izerath said:
I certainly didn't mean to sound condesending. Apologies if you took it that way LP.
It certainly sounded that way to me, but perhaps I jumped the gun a bit as well.
As for your comments above, you assumed I used this interpretation exclusively. In fact, I never state that this is the only interpretation. In fact, I concede that there ARE multiple viewpoints and that for convenience most people pick one as an anchor to simplify the game for everyone.
You say this, and yet immediately afterward:
You just proved my point. Chaos vs. Law is micro vs. macro conflict.
I did not prove your point, I was illustrating my own viewpoint, which is different from yours. Which is to say that I do not believe Chaos vs. Law is micro vs. macro at all. M vs. M would only be applicable to a very particular flavor of Lawful-Neutral or Chaotic-Neutral PC, the kind which actively promotes the particular alignment type. Certainly, a PC who believes that all the universe should be Ordered will place a greater emphasis on the Order of a world, than the Order of an individual.

But a Lawful character does not have to promote lawfulness. A lawful character can simply be lawful, through discipline, through rationality, through the free-willed choices he makes. The fact that those free-willed choices are at odds with society's rules does not make them, or the PC, chaotic.
Morals are a personal code. They relate to one individal's perceptions of themselves and what is right for them. Thus they are micro in nature.
Sure. I don't dispute the internal nature of morals. I simply disagree that what is internal must therefore be chaotic.
Ethics...<snip> When our own micro code conflicts with the macro code, what happens?

We either break the law (holding to our micro view), or we abide by it (going along with the macro view), depending on which code of conduct we deem as more important. If we break it, it is a chaotic decision, indicating our personal preferences take precedence over society's preferences.
I agree. But I disagree that if one's personal preferences take precedence over society's preferences, that is Chaotic. Law and Chaos need not (and for me, are not,) be defined by ones relationship to social rules. They define a person's nature, in the same way that Good and Evil do.
For Paladins, this one act may be the exception to this rule based on their requirements. One chaotic act would certainly demand atonement from a Paladin. Again, exception, not rule.
I disagree with this as well. Though that's another can of worms altogether, and the reason why I didn't make the example individual a paladin. ;)
when I interpret a PC's action to determine if it is lawful or chaotic, I look at the individual vs. the whole. If it is contrary to the whole, then it is chaotic.
This, I believe, is the crux of our disagreement. To me, such a definition is problematic, because it creates for actions which are of differing alignment depending on the society in which they are performed. As I stated in an earlier post, our definitions of Lawful and Chaotic must be objective. And for them to be objective, they must be constant. Good and Evil do not change depending on what people think (*in the D&D universe), neither do Law and Chaos.
For example, if the same fighter went from country to country and continued to murder offenders to his personal code as a habit, then I would say it is his preference to ignore societal laws and thus he would have to change his alignment to chaotic.
Whereas I would say that his very willingness to continue to follow his personal code indicate Lawful behavior. He has a rational way of thinking, which he follows regardless of whether or not it might be more convenient to do otherwise.
Ultimately, the law vs. chaos aspect of alignment is a classification of how we fit into society, not the personal moral code we uphold. It is certainly much easier to interpret things this way.
I disagree. Ultimately, the law vs. chaos aspect of alignment, like the good vs. evil aspect of alignment, is a classification of the general nature of the individual. It has nothing to do with morals (that's good vs. evil), or at least, only insomuch as it defines how one acts on one's morals. The Lawful character is methodical. The Chaotic character is instinctual.
I hold to this viewpoint because taking any other approach at the individual level never breeds concensus or consistency, which is critical for fair game play. This entire thread proves that point. No one can ever agree if each of us taints the definition of the "whole" with our own individual beliefs before we try to interpret the definition. It only breeds bias.
Concensus is no more necessary for the Law vs. Chaos axis than it is for the Good vs. Evil axis. When you boil a person's nature down to two axes, things aren't going to be neat. And consistency is always maintained, since it's the DM's versions of Lawful, Chaotic, Good, and Evil that a campaign runs on.
I wish you luck in continuing to interpret things from a micro level. It will certainly make your life and your game more complex to manage. There is certainly nothing wrong with it, but it is a more complex approach than I think it needs to be.
I am mystified as to why you find my approach complicated. I certainly don't, nor have any of my players. *shrug* As yo said, we agree to disagree.
 

Hey that's cool - to each his/her own

Kudos LP - gotta respect sticking to your guns. If anything it'll really constrast two distinctly different ways to adjudicate alignment to the readers....

Lord Pendragon said:
This, I believe, is the crux of our disagreement. To me, such a definition is problematic, because it creates for actions which are of differing alignment depending on the society in which they are performed.

Isn't this how it is in the real world? Why change what is natural to us in the real world by taking on the task of trying to redefinesuch a subjective concept as alignment?

I simply find it much easier to make the in-game laws clear to the players so that if I ever make an alignment judgement against the player, it is obvious and evident if a violation is made. This way I avoid conflicts with players who perceive their PCs actions as OK based on subjective, "internal" and unmeasurable aspects. Oh, and it definitely adds flavor to the entire game, especially when laws are drastically different between cultures and regions.

In essence, my approach lets me:

- Avoid opinions and interpretations, making things more black and white, thus easier to manage.
- Base any rulings on a clear set of in-game societal laws.
- Change the complexity of the alignment system's impact on the game easily from campaign to campaign. In one, I may only base events in one kingdom, thus all the laws are the static. In another, I may have an epic quest spanning multiple political climates and can use differences in societal laws as story and plot drivers for political intrigue, war, etc.
- Keep things simple in concept through all of this, with one thing always being constant - PC's must follow the laws of the society they are in in order to be considered lawful.

This method translates easily from our own real-world experience, makes interpretation unbiased and objective and keeps the complexity controllable, allowing me to vary complexity as I see fit.

So I am curious, as by now I would guess a few other readers are - what general guidelines do you follow when interpreting alignment from your approach?

Lord Pendragon said:
The Lawful character is methodical. The Chaotic character is instinctual.

Also, maybe you can answer this this for me - if the chaotic alignment represents instinctual behavior, how do you explain that all animals are neutral? Wouldn't they all be chaotic if this was true? I know my answer, but I am curious to hear yours.....
 
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Izerath said:
Isn't this how it is in the real world? Why change what is natural to us in the real world by taking on the task of trying to redefinesuch a subjective concept as alignment?
Because alignment isn't subjective in D&D. Good, Evil, Law, and Chaos are forces which exist in the multiverse. Their natures do not change depending on how a person understands them. This is patently different from the real world, where there is no Objective Good, nor an Objective Evil, Law, or Chaos. So in the real world, subjectivity is the name of the game. Not so in D&D. Now, there are some (of which you would seem to be one), who prefer to play a D&D game that incorporates real-world moral relativity. Most of them, however, remove the concept of alignment from the game at that point. Maintaining alignment while removing the concept of objectivity creates a nonsensical system in which everyone would naturally be Good, because that's how they subjectively view themselves. And, as you've put forth in your arguments, every society would be lawful, and every individual chaotic. At that point, the labels lose their meaning.
I simply find it much easier to make the in-game laws clear to the players so that if I ever make an alignment judgement against the player, it is obvious and evident if a violation is made. This way I avoid conflicts with players who perceive their PCs actions as OK based on subjective, "internal" and unmeasurable aspects. Oh, and it definitely adds flavor to the entire game, especially when laws are drastically different between cultures and regions.
Fair enough. I have never had such a problem. There aren't any penalties for alignment shift for most characters (I avoid the word violation because I feel it again brings to mind the feeling that alignment is a set of rules that must be followed to avoid a penalty of some kind) so there aren't any problems, or even potential problems. For classes that require a specific alignment to continue, I simply ask the player to justify why he has a certain alignment. If his justification fits into the conceptualization I've described in previous posts, we're all good. If not, we talk it through.
In essence, my approach lets me:

- Avoid opinions and interpretations, making things more black and white, thus easier to manage.
- Base any rulings on a clear set of in-game societal laws.
Fair enough. Perhaps I've just had good players in the past, but I've never had a problem making these sorts of rulings based on my system, either.
- Change the complexity of the alignment system's impact on the game easily from campaign to campaign. In one, I may only base events in one kingdom, thus all the laws are the static. In another, I may have an epic quest spanning multiple political climates and can use differences in societal laws as story and plot drivers for political intrigue, war, etc.
This is a fine setup. I honestly don't care to try and set up alignment conflict on the Law/Chaos axis. Because at the end of the day, I don't think this axis is as important to most players, and thus most PCs, as the Good/Evil axis. I can see how your system is very useful for those who do like to create such scenarios, however.
- Keep things simple in concept through all of this, with one thing always being constant - PC's must follow the laws of the society they are in in order to be considered lawful.
I dislike this notion, because again it creates a very static paladin, (the monk, again, getting the unexplained exception). In essence, paladins are no longer the Sir Galahads or Qi-Gon Jinns of the D&D world. They're rent-a-cops. Enforcing the law of wherever they happen to be.
So I am curious, as by now I would guess a few other readers are - what general guidelines do you follow when interpreting alignment from your approach?
It depends on how the player has chosen to define the tenets of his alignment. One player may decide that his PC is lawful because he is, in fact, law-abiding. He believes that there must be Order in society, and going against that Order is wrong. So if he then does that, he's commited a Chaotic act. Then, if another character claims his character is Lawful because he's rational and disciplined, a uncharacteristic and emotion action would likely be Chaotic. Basically, the player defines how his character is Lawful.

To be perfectly honest, though, I rarely judge each and every action individually. It's too much work for too little payoff. Every so often, I go through all the characters and consider their actions as a whole, and if they seem to be acting contrary to their alignment, I assign a shift.
Also, maybe you can answer this this for me - if the chaotic alignment represents instinctual behavior, how do you explain that all animals are neutral? Wouldn't they all be chaotic if this was true? I know my answer, but I am curious to hear yours.....
Perhaps a better word would have been, "inspired." Though I still think instinctual works. I was using it in the "gut feeling" sense, rather than the animal instinct sense, which I think you know. A Chaotic intelligent being's "instinctual" is not animal-instinct, but merely the fact that (as a generalization) they act from a gut instinct about what's right and wrong, whereas (as a generalization) a Lawful character would be more inclined to rationalize an action in their own mind.

Animals, on the other hand, being non-intelligent, cannot appreciably exhibit Lawful or Chaotic tendancies, any more than a Construct can.
 

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