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A hockey player who's RL name sound like a mob enforcer's nickname didn't like that fact.
Tony Twist wins battle over name
Judge orders comic artist pay $15 million.
Published Sunday, July 11, 2004
ST. LOUIS (AP) - Tony Twist, a former National Hockey League enforcer known more for his fighting than his skating, has been awarded $15 million by a jury that found a comic strip creator had profited by using Twist’s name without his permission.
Comic book artist Todd McFarlane is the former principal artist and writer of Spider-Man comics.
He gave the name Antonio "Tony Twist" Twistelli to a violent New York mob boss character in McFarlane’s Spawn comics in the early 1990s.
McFarlane had claimed his use of the name was protected under the First Amendment.
Twist disagreed, saying McFarlane had gone outside the bounds of free speech rights.
Twist was awarded more than $24.5 million in 2000 by a St. Louis Circuit Court jury, but the judge overruled that decision.
The Missouri Court of Appeals’ Eastern District ruled two years ago in McFarlane’s favor, citing First Amendment protections, but the Missouri Supreme Court in July 2003 ordered a new trial. The court called McFarlane’s use of Twist’s name "predominantly a ploy to sell comic books and related products rather than an artistic or literary expression."
McFarlane appealed in December 2003 to the U.S. Supreme Court, arguing "Spawn" characters "are purely fictional fantasies and no reasonable person could confuse the plaintiff with the fictional fantasies and characters portrayed therein."
The high court rejected the appeal in January without comment.
"They made Tony into a Mafia boss," said James Holloran, an attorney for Twist, a former St. Louis Blues player. "He was involved in murders and kidnappings and rapes."
The First Amendment doesn’t allow an artist to use someone’s name for commercial advantage, Holloran said. McFarlane’s attorney disagreed.
"The use at issue in this case is no different from Simon and Garfunkel’s use of the name Joe DiMaggio in the song ‘Mrs. Robinson,’ " said Michael Kahn, one of McFarlane’s attorneys.
"He thought it was a cool name for a mobster," Kahn added.
The St. Louis Circuit Court jury on Friday found McFarlane and his comic book company, Todd McFarlane Productions Inc., had infringed on Twist’s publicity rights and ordered them to pay $15 million.
Kahn vowed to appeal the verdict.
"This is just round four in this First Amendment battle," he said. "We will appeal this all the way."
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