Did partial charge and Spring Attack become a combo when I wasn't looking?
I guess so. It's perfectly valid. You can use Spring Attack like the Ride-by Attack feat--I had emailed the Sage about that very same thing.
Chain Shirt and a good DEX means that our 5th level Barbarian is AC17. The Monk and the TWF Fighter are AC18, I think the Cleric might be even slightly higher since he has a Shield. The Barbarian is very comparable to everyone else at 5th, though I can see that AC is going to be a problem for him in the future. But for now, I'd rather have 57HP with 17AC (or 67 HP with 15AC raging) than 37HP with 18AC like the Monk.
Well, I'd rather have the higher AC, myself. Let the barbarian take the hits instead, that's what he's for.
Dodge actually brings the monk's AC to 19 when it counts. And expertise is much better than fighting defensively, unless you have enough ranks to get the superior bonus in OA.
A tangent to that thought: a lot of people have mentioned specific Spells (Magic Fang) or Items (Boots of Striding) that they feel really help the Monk. For a lot of different reasons, these things may not be available in a given campaign; especially a low-magic campaign.
Absolutely. Those are just some of the general favourites for a monk. If I am making up a monk from scratch with choice of equipment, I would tend to get the Boots of S&S, since they're a great benefit. Sometimes, though, I'll take Boots of Elvenkind instead, since they're also quite good. Monk's belt is also a pretty clear choice, as are the Ki Straps in S&F. But you're right, it's only ideal, it doesn't come up all the time.
I don't feel the monk is a bit too min-maxed. He is a combat oriented monk sure, but if you throw one of these non combat monks at the party with a 12 str you don't prove that monks suck at fighting. All you prove is a melle combabtant with a 12 str sucks at fighting. Stats are absurdly important for any class. If you ant a monk to hang in a mellee fight he has to have a good str, otherwise he is just dead weight. If you are looking for other things in a monk go ahead and put a 12 in str. Furthermore I'd say this monk was very un-min/maxed in some areas, like stats. One bad stat the rest were 12,14,14,14,15 at the start. All very good stats though not the virtually needed 18's of 2nd edition fame. Which is why for the monk I don't think multistat dependency is such a problem, a 14 is a good stat, 12s are decent. If you want to focus in something though like unarmed combat you should boost the appropriate stat.
I find this very interesting, although for me the "appropriate" stat is Dex. It would indeed be funny to throw a barb or a fighter with a Str of 12 at the party
You know, logically a fighter is not much freer with his stats than a monk. He needs high Con, high Str, preferably high Dex and Int for the best feats. If he doesn't want to be Dominate-bait, he had better have a Wisdom bonus to Will saves.
The same goes for the barb. High Str and Con to be sure, high Dex so that AC won't be TOTALLY ridiculous when he rages. Int really isn't an issue as much as for the fighter, since I'm not sure he could use those feats while raging, but the Will saves had better be good, for the sake of the party.
2) You are on watch. The Giant charges into your camp and only you stand between him and the squishy, sleeping but valuable Wizard.
I don't want to read too much that isn't there, but I think one of the problems is always perceiving some classes as "more valuable". IMC we usually see every member as having the same value (in-game), since, in the game, they're all living beings.
On top of that, in this scenario there are many options open to the monk:
1) he could have heard the Giant coming and woken his friends (Listen as a class skill and Wisdom bonus; I think he would have heard the Giant);
2) he could have heard the Giant coming and gone to distract after kicking the fighter or mage awake;
3) assuming he was dozing off and did not hear the Giant coming, he could divert its attention from the camp (I would say a Giant would go for the annoyance first and foremost), or even take one hit for the wizard ("Owww! You owe me big time, mage!") since the wizard will most likely be grateful for a lifesaver (sleeping wizard = dead meat).