Tymophil
Explorer
That's why I added "so-called". In France, where I live, people are taught that philosophy began with Socrates, no matter what. All that was before was meant to lead to Socrates (as Plato portrays it, of course), so even some philosophers that where no pre-socratic are dubbed pre-socratic : archaic compared to the Plato's Socrates.Diogenes is not pre-Socratic.
This was implemented in French education around the XIXth century, to rewrite the history of philosophy to make sure that most materialists would be seen as subpar philosophers. It was easily done as most materialist philosophers (Democritus, Epicurus, etc.) were almost wiped out of the history of philosophy (very, very few original writings remained). The fact that France was a massely christian country and that the country undertook a massive counter-revolution played a huge part...
You forget that, in the PlaneScape setting what you believe shapes reality. If the people of a certain place change their beliefs, the place will change its location in the Multiverse.That to one side, yes, Diogenes lived his philosophy. So did the Buddha, at least according to the received histories. It's not clear how many followers Diogenes had, but it's highly arguable that to the extent that later stoicism differs from Diogenes' own cynicism, this is in part to make it more digestible to the post-Alexandrian elite. Marcus Aurelius certainly didn't live in a barrel! (A similar argument can be made in respect of the evolution of Buddhism, although it also has a doctrine of rebirth to help explain why different members of society have different roles to play consistent with their overall pursuit of enlightenment.)
But in any event, Diogenes and Buddha and Marcus Aurelius all teach at least conceivable accounts of human flourishing, based on the relationship between human and natural order, and the attitude that humans should take towards the vicissitudes of the natural world.
This is what is missing, for me, from the factions.
Anyway, what you conceive as true may or may not have any relation to what is or is not. Even when the evidence is given, many people stick to their beliefs however irrational they are. Palto's idealism is still seen as concievable, even though it is in plain contradiction with what little we know about the Universe. Still it is taught/believed in most advanced countries at one point or another as a great idea to look at the world.
I was not clear there. You don't choose most illusions you actually use to portray reality. Almost nobody does. Even the most materialist amongst us have a hard time disbelieving that there is something "more" about the reality that could be called a "soul".See, this bears no connection to any pre-Socratic, Socratic or Hellenistic philosophy that I can think of - none of them contend that the world is shaped by belief, and certainly not by wishful thinking. They all insist that belief and behaviour has to be brought into conformity with the world's demands, although they differ in their accounts of what exactly those demands are, and what conformity with them might require.
And even the more idealist schools of Buddhism, like Yogacara, don't regard the character of the world or the content of belief as chosen. And they emphasise the necessity of practice in order to cultivate beliefs consistent with flourishing. They don't suggest that, having formed from the get-go a belief about how the world is (which is also how it ought to be), one then goes out into the world and starts acting on that belief as if it were true.
I guess most people believe that there IS a sky. Even though there is only an illusion created by the interaction of light and the atmosphere. You don't wake up everyday, believing or disbelieving that there is a sky. Yet it comes as a shock when you are taught that there is no sky, and some people don't even believe it when they are given some evidences.
Many people believe that the ARE laws of Nature. This is a largely widespead illusion amongst our societies. How many time do you people saying that objets fall BECAUSE of the law of gravitation. It IS an illusion many people live by, and none of them chose it.
If you live by believing that there is an ideal/divine world and a corrupted one. You live in an illusionary world. Did you chose to believe this ? A platonic view of life is clearly an illusion for us nowadays. It was not in his days. Plato did know/believed that the spheres did exist and were perfect, one could argue that he never chose to believe it.
In our world, many people guide(d) their lifes on beliefs that litterally shape(d) their reality. Just look at food : the pythagorians simply never ate beans because... it would be... embarrassing, and not as pythagorean as they wished to be in some situations. Others chose to feed on uncooked, raw food because it paralleled their beliefs. The world around them is shaped by the crop they grow, the livestock they choose to cattle, etc. The world, the reality they live by, is shaped by their conscious beliefs and their unchallenged/unconscious beliefs (illusions they don't, and never, disbelieve) shape their world too. In the end, it is difficult toi see what is real, illusionary, self-delusion, etc.
We don't know much about some philosophies, but it seems from the scarse texts that survived that Cyrenaics and Epicurians did live by their doctrines on an everyday basis. They chose their food, cloths, etc. according to their philosophy.
In PlaneScape you can shake all these kind of beliefs/illusions because they can be challenged. They can be challenged because they can be true or false /dispelled depending or your faction. When you chose the faction for your player character, you don't simply say that the PC chose to believe this or that. He simply believes this or that.