When I was first researching Dragonlance, I identified at least 2 periods in the setting's history where divine casters either lost their powers or simply disappeared off the planet. One of these periods precedes the most popularly played section of Dragonlance history, the War of the Lance. Divine casters eventually return due to specific events during War of the Lance.
I think WOTC realized that telling people they can't play divine casters is not ideal. When SOTDQ came out, they added "a god visits you in a dream and now you have powers" as an option in a War of the Lance scenario that otherwise doesn't address that original storyline of how divine casting was restored.
There's also the Wizards (Mages) of High Sorcery, who offer an interesting challenge...but only for your arcane caster. There was never a gameplay element added for other classes that might mimic that experience and make those players also feel like they are part of the setting.
But as a +1 for Dragonlance, it has an amazing canon artifact called the Graygem, which allows you to put any species you want into the setting by saying some group of people were transformed by the Graygem.