I disagree completely and the rules do not state as such. The rules state that a character is allowed to take certain actions in certain situations.
Yes, and the rules for hiding give total control to the DM in deciding if the character is in a situation where hiding is appropriate.
The DM may not anticipate you taking a given action in any given situation and that is why the rules empower the players to take actions at a time of their choosing.
I didn't say the DM decides when you
do take the Hide action. I said the DM decides whether it is even a possibility in a given situation.
The DM adjudicates how difficult/successful that action was.
The DM can also adjudicate that the action was successful beyond any uncertainty. Likewise, the DM can decide that the action is a failure, forgoing the need for any die roll. If the player doesn't roll a Dexterity (Stealth) check, can she be said to be taking the Hide action?
You don't deserve anything. You are empowered by the rules to make the attempt.
What's the point of drawing a distinction between deserving and being empowered?
So? That's good player agency AND good role-play. Your character thinks they can hide behind this box. Your character attempts to do so. Much to their chagrin, they're not as well hidden as they think they are. Why should the DM deny you the attempt? Because you might do horribly? There's a "1" on every die. You might do horribly on everything! By your logic you should be denied everything because the possibility that you might fail exists at all.
That's not my logic. The character can "attempt" to do anything the player wants, but if failure is a forgone conclusion of the attempt, as determined by the DM, then of what use is the die roll? To put it another way, if you are going to adjudicate the outcome of my character's attempt to hide in an unobscured area with a Dexterity (Stealth) check contested by her opponent's passive Wisdom (Perception) score, then how are you going to resolve the same attempt to hide if it happens in a room that is completely dark? Surely hiding under circumstances in which your adversary can't see you would make it easier to make your location unknown.
There's no rule that says you can't hide from a creature that can see you.
It says you can't hide from a creature that can see you
clearly. Which is what I said.
What? That's absurd. Hiding behind an object is not the same as others not knowing you went behind the object. What they don't know is that you remain behind the object. They saw you go behind it and now because you made a stealth check, they don't hear the noises that you normally make, thus bringing into doubt whether or not you are even behind the object or not.
This might work for creatures of extremely low intelligence, but if creatures see a lightfoot halfling go behind her friend and not come out the other side, they would probably be right in assuming the halfling is still behind her friend. I wouldn't call that guessing or even deducing. They could rightfully be said to
know the halfling is still there. Now it's true that the halfling could have teleported to some other location, but then the halfling isn't hidden behind her friend either. Although, she could hide in the new location if she so chooses, and if circumstance allows.
Um, they're the number the players have to beat.
So you're talking about a contest between the Dexterity (Stealth) check of the person hiding and the Wisdom (Perception) check of the person looking. This is true whether you use a passive score or not.
The passive score is "take a 10 plus mod", it's a defensive stat just like AC.
Do you honestly think I don't know what a passive score is? I asked what
you use them for, because as far as I know, the only use for a passive score is as a substitute for a die roll in making an ability check.