Athas continually changed even in the original material. The Prism Pentad turned it upside down, the number of sorcerer-kings was in continual flux depending on author, halfling biotech got retrofitted in, Black Spine and Dregoth re-introduced planar travel to the setting, etc etc. There's no reason it can't change again.
I think WotC would like to bring back Athas, but there's a few thorny points they keep running into and recoiling. How to do psionics is one, clearly. How to reconcile a world where arcane magic is rare and hated with a game edition where 2/3 of subclasses even of the martial classes are casually throwing flashy magic around is another. And then there's how to treat slavery, and the fact that templars have always been playable in previous Dark Sun editions, but modern mores have a distinctly less sympathetic view on playing the brutal enforcers of tyrannical slave societies.
The question is how much you can change it. Part of the reason you reinvent a setting in the first place rather than make an entire new one is to leverage nostalgia. The massive reinvention of Ravenloft seems to have split opinions right down the middle. Personally I really dislike it (for a number of reasons, but "cos it's different!" is not one of them) but I know lots of people find it a great improvement. Different strokes I guess. But WotC was able to reinvent Ravenloft as a generic horror sourcebook while leaving enough that's recognisable so the older school fans feel a bit catered to as well. They seem to be taking this strategy with Dragonlance as well - reinvent it as a generic mass combat sourcebook mixed with a legacy world/campaign to hit the nostalgia buttons. Dark Sun is a harder sell on that front. Its 'thing' is brutal survivalist sword and sorcery - and that's a long, long way from what the 5e ruleset is optimised for. Ravenloft can still be Ravenlofty if the Core is gone and Azalin is gone and everyone's bopping around between domains like a Planescape berk with a pocket full of portal keys so long as there's doomed darklords and Gothicness and gloom. WotC are betting that Dragonlance can maybe still be Dragonlancey if the campaign is set nowhere near the Inn of Last Home and the Heroes of the Lance don't appear at all (though what they do about clerics and divine magic before the return of the gods will be interesting to see). Can Athas still be Athasy if there's no slavery and wilderness survival is trivial and even the fighters and barbarians are popping off flashy magic all over the place?