1. Buckler w/two handed weapon.
My Best Advice: Allow someone using a weapon with both hands to have a buckler strapped to his arm with no penalty, but no AC bonus from the buckler.
The Rules: You may use a buckler with a bow with no penalty and you still get the AC bonus from the buckler. If you use two weapons, you get a –1 to all your attacks and get no AC bonus for the buckler. There is no rule for two-handed weapons with a buckler.
The Sage: (In an e-mail)You can't use a buckler with a two-handed weapon. (Many DMs allow this, if you're one on them just use the two-weapon attack penalty.)
In any case, you don't get the buckler's AC bonus on any round when you attack with the hand that holds the buckler (even if you use a ranged weapon such as a bow).
Other WotC/former WotC opinions:
Argument For: It’s not a big deal.It allows some extra flexibility. The rules seem to allow using a buckler with a two-handed weapon, but precisely how that's done is unclear. It is, after all, strapped to your arm - what happens when you pick up the two-handed weapon? That's the question, and the best(?) answer is to allow it but with no bonus from the shield.
Argument Against: It can be abused – you could possibly have a magic buckler with special properties that would still be active even when you don’t get the AC bonus. The rules don't say you can use a buckler with a two-handed weapon, so you can't.
