Taking a variant stab at it. Most times, we come to this either with the Traditionalist archetypes, those handed down to us by Gygax and Arneson. Or we come at it from a mechanistic perspective, what mechanical function does it serve. Let's instead take a Monsterhearts style approach, distinct Cool Fantasy Themes.
The Everyman: Common person rising to uncommon greatness.
The Soul-Touched: One born, or made, at least a little preternatural.
The Faustian: One who trades promises or fealty for power from beyond.
The Wyrd-Beast: The monster that becomes human, and the human that becomes a monster.
The Enlightened: Deep Secrets, True Understanding, Hidden Knowledge...the keys to power.
The Dedicated: Conviction alone shall be their shield, and truth their naked sword.
These chop up and redistribute thematic elements of the existing classes. E.g. a Wizard might be The Faustian or The Enlightened, and a Monk might be The Enlightened or The Dedicated, and a Paladin might be The Soul-Touched or The Dedicated. Some Clerics, even those of "good" beings, might be The Faustian rather than The Dedicated, and while a Druid make sense as The Wyrd-Beast, it also works as The Enlightened. Fighters make sense as The Everyman or The Dedicated. Etc.
A perk of this method is that "magic" is no longer anyone's province. Nothing prevents The Everyman from knowing some magical things, they just aren't going to learn the Deep Secrets beneath, because that's what The Enlightened does. Someone might be The Soul-Touched, The Enlightened, or The Dedicated (and thus preternatural/supernatural) without really using magic.