The problem is that's a very non-3e mechanic, especially the 10% of hp version. Can you think of any spell or effect in 3.X that works like this?
I'd prefer to maintain the spirit of it while converting it to the 3e ethos.
How about a compromise? Each victim that stays in range for all 10 rounds dies (or can save to instead take xdX damage?). Any creature that leaves the range instead takes ydY damage for each round it was exposed, but only at the end of the 10th round. If the caprine doesn't finish playing, the second option applies to all victims.
Never mind, easily fixed.
Hmm, so it only inflicts damage at the end of a minute's playing?
But how often does a 3E combat lasts 10 rounds. It seems more likely the caprine will get kakked before they ever finish playing the tune.
I'd rather it do ongoing damage each round. If you insist on it not being one-tenth of the target's hit points like the original mechanism I'd prefer it doing a fixed or random amount per round and then save-or-die at the end of the 10th round if the target survives.
I like that! What do you think for the xdx damage? To have enough resonance notes to use the ability, a caprine would need 18 HD (if I recall the max notes rule correctly), so how about 2d8 per round? That would give it a reasonable chance of killing another caprine of the same level, just as a reference point.How about it does #d# damage per round but cannot reduce the target below the 0 hit point "dying" level. Then on the end of round 10, targets at 0 hp automatically die but targets with some hit points remaining get a saving throw to avoid death?
I like that! What do you think for the xdx damage? To have enough resonance notes to use the ability, a caprine would need 18 HD (if I recall the max notes rule correctly), so how about 2d8 per round? That would give it a reasonable chance of killing another caprine of the same level, just as a reference point.
Want to do something funny like give a target a saving throw bonus based on hp remaining or something?
On the last question, "Sylvan" works for me.
I like "The maximum number of resonance notes a caprine can sustain at any one time is equal to its Charisma or Constitution score (whichever is higher), plus 5 notes for each of the caprine's Hit Dice."
And I can go with Sound of Death #3. Are you ok with 1d8 hp damage to the caprine and 2d8 to victims per round? The example of killing another caprine was just a rough estimate, and I still think there's enough of a chance. I don't think it necessarily needs to be able to kill another 18HD critter that easily.

(Dungeons & Dragons)
Rulebook featuring "high magic" options, including a host of new spells.