"What about politics? Other than guilds, who runs the city?"
Basically a council with one "mayor" like figure. I'm not done reading yet so I am not clear on this just yet.
"What are its defenses? Armies? Magic-users? Is it on a river, lake, or ocean? (and is there a navy?)"
No Navy, has a magic guild with two towers and a group of 33 very secretive school masters. It doesn't have an Arny, but it has the Lyregueard and others as a kind of standing arny with reserves called up from the pouplace for the serious stuff. It is on a large river with waterfalls and rapids to the South.
"What about trade and feeding the populace?"
A lot of trade.
"You mentioned the surrounding area is detailed as well and that's always a plus in realism. Are there prices for shops and services?" Yes.
"Common and rare trade goods?" Yes.
"Prices for things like iron, wool, grain, etc. for bulk trading?" Yes and no.
"What about adventure locations within the city? I'm assuming they have sewers, but what about homes and manses for possible PC invasion?"
Nothing detailed as such, but plenty of room for you to add whatever you want.
"Are there dungeons under the cathedrals?"
Left open for us to decide, but I haven't read the Abbey adventure yet, so that may count as one.
"Homes for the PCs to buy or set up in?"
Plenty of room left undescribed for you to add as needed.
" Unusual buildings or locations like a huge hollow copper statue or a tall curved iron tower?"
Not that I have read yet.
"Also, what's the population size for the city?" Yearly average of 25,000.
" And do they break down the demographic statistics via the DMG?" Yes.
or use some other method for GP limit, assets, etc.? No. DMG format only. It is even broken down by city quarter with exceptions noted in the specific location text.
I own a boatload of city settings as well, not even counting Dungeon magazine. My goal is to have a city, town, and village supplement for every such location in my campaign world. Dungeon has helped a lot with the villages and unique locations. I actually think Bards Gate is a lot like Ravens Bluff. All I can say is I am happy I bought it. Thats with only reading to page 58 so far.
Have to admit I wish the map could have been in color, but it still does the job of a map very well.