That's probably a good idea, though I'm not entirely sure how workable it is.
In the US, every male must register for Selective Service (the draft) within 30 days of reaching their 18th birthday, and must maintain information with selective service until age 25. Several other things (like access to student loans) is linked to being registered. The Government Accounting Office estimated they had something like 92% compliance in 2010.
So, it seems entirely workable, to me.