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Does evil mean Evil? Is a paladin free to act against evil?

Pretty much what Hyp said, lets say this class is a hypthetical dwarven orc-slayer who is LG, now the NG Half-orc ranger in the party is certainly orcish enough to detect as an orc, he has the orc subtype after all, ditto he's orcish enough to be smitten, but why on earth should he be smitten ? He hasn't raped or looted or pillaged and yet he's sentenced to death.
 

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I think it basically comes down to the fact that Takyris, Quaseton, et al, believe the core rules specify that evil alignment=deserving death and everything else that they say is based off of that premise. If it doesn't deserve killing, it wouldn't radiate evil. If it radiates evil, it deserves killing. When confronted with examples of people who fit the description of evil alignments--people who are out for themselves, who will do anything they can get away with regardless of whom it hurts, or who enjoy hurting people, but who represent fairly commonplace types of individuals who ordinary people wouldn't consider killing for the evil they exhibit, they either:
A. Beg off the question by claiming that children (which may or may not be applicable depending upon how old the people in question are), don't have alignments.
B. Maintain that, because the person doesn't appear to be a major villain, he isn't evil. (Ignoring the actual descriptions of evil alignments on the basis of "evil alignments are for villains and monsters" and refusing to read any kind of ambiguity into the definition of either villains or monsters).
C. Briefly admit that spells like Misdirection which introduce a small fear of false positives make detect+smite problematic without further information and promptly go back to advocating for detect+smite.
D. Change the subject by introducing a new example.
All of these tactics are necessary because there is simply no way to deal with the examples of evil people who don't deserve to die without discarding the premise that all evil people deserve to die. In order to retain that premise, it is necessary to minimize and deny the evil of everything and anything that doesn't merit punishment by death.

Where they stand on the city of Swordpoint is unclear, but it seems that, given their interpretation, there is a strong prima facia case that the rational position for any D&D society governed by good people with the ability to detect evil is to simply walk through the city detecting evil and go from house to house killing anyone who radiates evil.

They are mistaken in my view--I've already gone through the descriptions of the various evil alignments and demonstrated that it's quite possible for a person to 1. Accurately fit the alignment descriptions and yet not be worthy of any kind of judicial execution in a civilized society (let alone a good one) or 2. Be closer to the description of one of the evil alignments than to the description of any other alignments and not be worthy of any kind of judicial execution. However, no amount of argument seems likely to persuade them since the conclusion of their argument is in the premise. If only people who deserve smiting detect as evil then it will always be right to smite evil. This is clearly seen in the supposedly similar example of the orcslayer.
Premise 1: The orcslayer can detect orcs.
Premise 2: The half-orc detects as an orc.
Conclusion: The orcslayer has an obligation to smite the half-orc.

That conclusion only follows if you add premise 2.5: All orcs deserve to be slain.
The example only serves as an illustration of what it's clear they were saying all along: [if all evil deserves to be slain], then it's OK to smite anything that radiates evil.

WRT the Holy Sword argument, I don't think the fact that first level evil NPCs holding a holy sword will die demonstrates that all evil deserves to die. I think it demonstrates that the writers of D&D didn't consider all of the ramifications of giving negative levels (said first level NPC has a chance of returning as a wight (so holy swords create evil undead) and an evil vampire or other undead creature will actually benefit from holding it since they are helped rather than hurt by negative energy). It doesn't demonstrate that evil people all deserve to die, however, any more than the fact that sugar ican be harmful to diabetics demonstrates either that sugar is bad or that all diabetics deserve to die. If one assumes that, in D&D, good is the appropriate alignment that humans should strive towards (a dubious assumption, given that the existence of neutral and evil deities gives equal divine sanction to neutrality and evil, but quite possibly justified in the case of examining the rationale behind a [good] item's behavior), then an evil person is morally defective. If something that is ordinarily good (sugar) can kill a diabetic because of a physical defect, it doesn't seem problematic to me that something that is ordinarily good (a holy sword) might kill an evil person because of that person's moral defect. The nature of defects is often to make people take injury from what ought to be good for them. If one can accept the idea that evil is a moral defect then it shouldn't be surprising that weapons designed for the pure of heart might be fatal to them.
 

I had a discussion like this only yesturday with one of my players, although he didn't share my view of it.

You can have a farmer who is NE (for example), but in his entire life he has never done evil. He may never do an evil act. In this instance, the Paladin has absolutely no right to kill the man.

A demon on the otherhand is from a plane of existence where evil is a palpable force. The demon by its very nature is infused with the raw stuff of evil. Since the dawn of creation it has worked at evil acts and corruption. This is the evil that the Paladin has no problems smiting down.

Its a shade of grey style situation.
 

It can often come down to how totalitarian Lawful Good is in a campaign. If it's a "white hat in a Western" sort of alignment, then LG won't just go out obliterating "Evil" just because it's "Evil". "Sorry, mister, but until we actually get more than rumor, we can't just go in a hootin' and a hollerin' and drag out old Judge Johnson from his ranch and string him up. I've been to talk to him, but he's got a good reason for everything that's happened in these parts. The law says we can't just hang a man on suspicion, even when he's a man like Judge Johnson. It breaks my heart what happened to your boy, and maybe a man like Judge Johnson deserves to dance on air, but what about the next time? Can we always be so sure when we take a man's life? Sometimes, for the greater good, we just have to swallow hard and do what we can." In that setting, it would actually be Chaotic Good that would be more prone to be in the hardcore "slay all evil wherever it may be found" business. Indeed, in such a setting, a "holy warrior" who goes out a whompin' and a hackin', laying waste to all Evil, wheresoever it may be found, would better be modeled as a Chaotic Good character class. This sort of campaign would be good for exploring the two famous Nietschiean dicta:

Whomsoever fights monsters must take care that he does not himself become a monster.
When you stare into the Abyss, the Abyss stares back at you.

However, since we're talking about playing a game, complex moral issues might not necessarily be what the players want. Maybe they want to take a vacation from moral ambiguity instead of exploring it. Maybe they would enjoy a much simpler definition of sides. This is what I call a "totalitarian" version of "good" and "evil". The two are starkly painted, definitely delineated, with no room made nor even metaphysically possible between the them. This, of course, lacks all verissimilitude. However, there is no necessity that "lacking moral verissimilitude" and "bad setting" must be identical.
 

Elder-Basilisk said:
I think it basically comes down to the fact that Takyris, Quaseton, et al, believe the core rules specify that evil alignment=deserving death and everything else that they say is based off of that premise.

True. That is what I believe.

If it doesn't deserve killing, it wouldn't radiate evil. If it radiates evil, it deserves killing. When confronted with examples of people who fit the description of evil alignments--people who are out for themselves, who will do anything they can get away with regardless of whom it hurts, or who enjoy hurting people, but who represent fairly commonplace types of individuals who ordinary people wouldn't consider killing for the evil they exhibit, they either:

Cute -- but when you presented me with your examples, I either said "shouldn't detect as evil" or "should detect as evil, and should then be okay to smite".

A. Beg off the question by claiming that children (which may or may not be applicable depending upon how old the people in question are), don't have alignments.

The kids thing is different. If I were going to make a bullet list about underhanded rhetorical tricks Elder Basilisk used, "trying to introduce moral ambiguity by slapping an evil alignment on children" would be the way I'd phrase it.

B. Maintain that, because the person doesn't appear to be a major villain, he isn't evil. (Ignoring the actual descriptions of evil alignments on the basis of "evil alignments are for villains and monsters" and refusing to read any kind of ambiguity into the definition of either villains or monsters).

Elder Basilisk, on the other hand, uses the third definition down in the list at Dictionary.com to give people who are really neutral-but-not-nice the "Evil" description, meaning that a cobbler who cheats on his wife radiates as much evil as a 1-Hit-Dice demon from the depths of the abyss, or a mid-level serial rapist child-murdering rogue.

C. Briefly admit that spells like Misdirection which introduce a small fear of false positives make detect+smite problematic without further information and promptly go back to advocating for detect+smite.

Two different points. I've allowed that the paladin should hold off, based on the preponderance of alignment misdirection spells. We're now arguing the hypothetical, about whether a paladin, if clear on the notion that someone does radiate faint or moderate evilness (and with confirmation from his buddies in the party that such a person isn't just slapped with a 'you're evil' alignment mask), is justified in smiting them. Two different arguments. Personally, as the DM, I'd find the paladin's "see evil, smite evil" simplistic in general terms, since the evil people are usually sneaky, and scouting is a better idea. But we're not arguing "what would be the paladin's best tactical option". That's an entirely different conversation. I've created paladin/rogues. I enjoy paladins who use more subtle means of operation. The argument here is simply "is the paladin justified".

D. Change the subject by introducing a new example.

The new example was attempting to narrow down an actual source of our disagreement -- which, based upon your somewhat disingenuous attacks, was successful, since you agree that the source of our disagreement hinges upon "at what point does somebody's alignment become evil?" We don't agree. You think I haven't read the SRD. I think you're playing word games in an attempt to justify your position. This looks like an "agree to disagree" to me, but if you're going to keep implying that I'm representing my point in a less than truthful manner, then I will in fact keep pointing out the parts where you're sacrificing honesty in an attempt to bend the issue.

Where they stand on the city of Swordpoint is unclear, but it seems that, given their interpretation, there is a strong prima facia case that the rational position for any D&D society governed by good people with the ability to detect evil is to simply walk through the city detecting evil and go from house to house killing anyone who radiates evil.

Haven't commented on Swordpoint -- no idea what it is. But since we believe that, by the book, evil people are evil, not conflicted and with much gray moral shading, as you believe, then it would stand to reason that a town full of good people would feel justified in taking out the trash. People seem to be using Swordpoint as a parallel for internment camps and abridgment of rights in a misguided attempt to stop crime, but they seem, in my opinion, to be doing so in a somewhat misguided attempt to draw a parallel with current political events (which I won't touch with a ten-foot pole):

If we accept the Tacky/Quas definition of what would give people the evil alignment in D&D, then anyone who is evil will have committed, with intent, numerous evil actions, and will be intent upon committing more, or willing to commit more as the opportunity arises. This is not a case where people's religious beliefs or past history is going to unfairly get them discriminated against. The only judgment in this situation comes from the gods, who set up the world such that people radiate evil at a certain level of moral badness. And in D&D, morality is not subjective -- evil people are actively evil, not "good from another perspective". If people had a past history of evil but have sincerely changed their ways, then they won't radiate evil anymore. By the Tacky/Quas definition of evil, then, the people who radiate evil, and who continue to radiate evil after spells have been cast to verify that this isn't a curse or trick placed by somebody else, are not morally gray people -- they're evil. They're either dangerous accidents waiting to happen or nasty folks who are going to do evil stuff to other people.

Now, I don't think that Swordpoint should kill people, because of something I specifically said earlier -- that redemption is a great potential option in situations where the paladin clearly has the upper hand. If one lone evil guy walks into a town full of paladins, the paladins have the ability -- and, by dint of their code of honor, the responsibility -- to use lesser force on the lone evil guy. Again, because of the definition I'm using, the cruel professor and the schoolyard bully don't fall into my definition of evil, so I wouldn't have those people arrested -- but a petty thief might be a good candidate for learning the error of his ways. The professor and the schoolkid could be taught a lesson by the paladins in town, though, if the paladins catch them in their behavior. A stern lecture about the uses and abuses of power might be a good way to keep people from turning to evil.

So, would I personally want to live in the hypothetical city of Swordpoint? From the little I know of it (ruled by paladins?), yes, because this isn't the same as being ruled by Catholics or Fundamentalist Christians or Muslims. In the D&D world, paladins of all different good and neutral faiths might differ on day-to-day matters, but they're all going to agree on evil when they see it -- a paladin of the god of chastity might dislike the sight of two young people going off to frolic, and he might even be inclined to give a lecture on the subject, but he will know for a fact that such behavior is not evil, so, in a campaign world based on the rules as written, he wouldn't abuse his power or attempt to force his personal beliefs on an unwilling audience (beyond simple persuasion in a discussion, which is reasonable in most cities) -- except for the "don't be evil" bit, because that's the one bit that is not subjective and open to misinterpretation. Every paladin of every faith (assuming core-book paladins who are all LG) will see the same person as radiating the same evil, even if one is a paladin of the NG goddess of love and one is a paladin of the LG god of rulership and one is the paladin of the LN goddess of vengeance.

If Swordpoint is all paladins of one faith who, beyond simply saying "don't be evil", are trying to push their own system of non-alignment-specific values upon the populace, then the paladins are in danger of losing their abilities. That's a different case.

However, no amount of argument seems likely to persuade them since the conclusion of their argument is in the premise. If only people who deserve smiting detect as evil then it will always be right to smite evil.

Pretty much.

This is clearly seen in the supposedly similar example of the orcslayer.
Premise 1: The orcslayer can detect orcs.
Premise 2: The half-orc detects as an orc.
Conclusion: The orcslayer has an obligation to smite the half-orc.

I don't consider that similar. Not all orcs are evil, and thus, not all orcs deserve smiting. I don't see a paladin as somebody who wanders the streets mowing people down, because I don't see that many people as evil.

That conclusion only follows if you add premise 2.5: All orcs deserve to be slain.

Agreed. If you think that you can radiate evil without deserving to be punished at all, then the entire premise falls apart. Hence, disagreement, and apparently, the necessity for personal attacks and disingenuous rhetorical devices.

WRT the Holy Sword argument, I don't think the fact that first level evil NPCs holding a holy sword will die demonstrates that all evil deserves to die. I think it demonstrates that the writers of D&D didn't consider all of the ramifications of giving negative levels...

Hah! Hadn't caught the Wight bit in this edition. That's awesome. "Dude, quit handing the villagers your holy sword. About a third of them keep dying, and then we have to kill wights the next time we ride back through town..."
 

takyris said:
If we accept the Tacky/Quas definition of what would give people the evil alignment in D&D, then anyone who is evil will have committed, with intent, numerous evil actions, and will be intent upon committing more, or willing to commit more as the opportunity arises. This is not a case where people's religious beliefs or past history is going to unfairly get them discriminated against.

Well, their religious beliefs will if they're a non-evil cleric of an evil deity :)

If people had a past history of evil but have sincerely changed their ways, then they won't radiate evil anymore.

So if someone who has boiled children in their parents' blood just to listen to the sounds of their eyeballs popping, slaughtered villages to sacrifice to his Demon Liege, and failed to rewind his video rentals has a sincere change of heart, he ceases to radiate evil, even though he has never in his life actually committed a single Good act?

Doesn't this mean, by extension, that if someone who has never actually done anything wrong has a change of heart, he could show up as Evil despite having never acted upon his new impulses?

... and could, in theory, realise the error of this new path before committing any wrongs?

And yet, an encounter in the mean time with a roving Paladinbot could prove fatal, in the name of Goodness?

-Hyp.
 

Well, with regards to the roving paladin bot killing the evil guy who's trying to reform, I say that's is about what the evil guy deserved. Sure, it would have been great had the evil, child boiling evil guy gotten time to follow through on his quest to become neutral, and maybe even eventually good. But, as a child boiling murderer, his deservation of death is still recognized and still relevant enough to warrent a good smiting.

It is, however, a little sad.
 

takyris said:
Cute -- but when you presented me with your examples, I either said "shouldn't detect as evil" or "should detect as evil, and should then be okay to smite".

Fair enough, I suppose we've both taken a few cheap shots here. How about we try to stop?

The kids thing is different. If I were going to make a bullet list about underhanded rhetorical tricks Elder Basilisk used, "trying to introduce moral ambiguity by slapping an evil alignment on children" would be the way I'd phrase it.

I still maintain that this is a legitimate point. In my experience, the majority of humans from age 6 to 17 or so, actively enjoy tormenting and mocking those who are weaker than them--especially those weaker in social standing. (I know I derived a lot of pleasure from tormenting my younger brother until he lost his temper and, if anything I've seen or heard about parenting is true, that's pretty normal. And I knew perfectly well that Mom and Dad and the teachers told me it was wrong (I was fortunate enough to not have teachers who actively undermined my moral development until college). I don't see how my recognizing that other people called it wrong but not caring about that myself (except in as much as I might be caught and punished) differs from an adult who doesn't care that God/god/Pelor/society says something is wrong as long as he doesn't get caught except in that it's thought to be normal for children and adults who think and act that way are expected to either hide it or teach philosophy). After that, people generally have the opportunity to choose their peers much more successfully and there is much more opportunity to avoid such victimization and much less opportunity to engage in it. (However, I suspect that, given the opportunity and a minimum of social pressure, a lot of adults would engage in it with just as much vigor).

It is practically a rite of passage for middle-schoolers to tease and torment the most unpopular dozen students until they actively consider committing suicide--and may or may not attempt it. (I remember feeling faint regret when I heard that the one kid everyone picked on freshman and sophomore years in High School (at least partially out of the fear that if you didn't pick on him, you'd be grouped with him in the "target" group but just as much out of the pleasure that feeling "in" by pointing out to someone else that he's the "out" crowd brings) hung himself before finals; I don't remember anyone in the school behaving any more kindly after that).

Now one could maintain that this is a result of the unhealthy social dynamics created by modern public school systems and I suspec that one would at least partially be right. However, it still demonstrates tendencies that are common to most humans.

As to whether or not "children" is an appropriate word for them, it rather depends. At least half of the PC classes have random starting ages that reach well into that area. So, it's quite possilbe that someone with the age and personality of the high school bully, for instance, could have a barbarian level in D&D land. The concept of a child is pretty flexible (some cultures treat people as coming of age at 13, some at 18, and some at 21, etc).

Now, of course, that could look like obfuscation or an underhanded rhetorical trick--using examples of people who would be considered children in the republic of niceness where we both live but would probably be considered adults in at least portions of D&D-land that aren't thinly veiled modern liberated America in Renaissance Faire costume. It's not obfuscation however, for the following reasons:

1. The disconnect between the modern and the ancient concept of a child is relevant. The modern concept of a child serves to excuse behavior in modern people who might well exhibit similar kinds of behavior at a similar age in D&D-land. If, however, in D&D-land they are not considered children, it invites the question of whether the modern concept of a child is, in this case, anything other than a filter to mask an unpleasant reality. If everything else is the same, why should the "child" title excuse evil behavior in D&D-land.

2. While one might argue that there would be no similar behavior in D&D-land since D&D-land generally lacks the social structures necessary to create and sustain such behavior, that won't eliminate the problem. First, the unique social situation created modern adolescents has not created new problems. It has simply exacerbated ones common to many human societies. The Scarlet Letter has enduring significance because it deals (in a different way) with exactly the same kind of issues of identification, ostracism, and cruelty to non-accepted individuals that are created in our modern societies. Many discussions of the various 18th century witch trials deal with similar social dynamics. Even if they aren't considered children in D&D-land, the people in question are likely to be participating in and experiencing similar social dynamics even if they are not exacerbated by the unique conditions created in modern schools.

3. Even if the youth of D&D-land did not participate in any of the same social dynameics as their real life counterparts, it is likely that they will engage in undisputably morally significant activities. As I wrote before, D&D-land is rife with thieves guilds that employ children in all sorts of capacities. In many cases and in a lot of ways, these children will be victims of the thieves guild, however, victimhood does not make one immune to the taint of evil anymore than the past suffering of the Serbs at the hands of the Kosovars made them immune to the temptations of evil. One can be a victim and behave evilly at the same time--in fact, evil is the normal course of human response to being a victim. (People don't talk about cycles of violence for nothing though they do talk about them far too often). The youth of D&D-land who don't have to compete with theives' guilds and the general exaggerated desolation of D&D slums are often the nobility who are trained to rule over subjects and are often trained in evil ways of ruling. The abuses of young nobles are a common theme in D&D adventures.

I don't think there's any way to escape the conclusion that many people who would be considered children in our society are moral actors in D&D society. (I think they're moral actors in our society too but that's a different topic). If the standards are different for them than for the older inhabitants of D&D-land, one needs to ask whether those standards are different because of any morally significant difference between them or because you recognize that it is rarely good to kill those that we identify as children but who engage in activity that quite clearly fits the D&D descriptions of evil. If it's the latter, I think it indicates a weakness of your position.

The new example was attempting to narrow down an actual source of our disagreement -- which, based upon your somewhat disingenuous attacks, was successful, since you agree that the source of our disagreement hinges upon "at what point does somebody's alignment become evil?" We don't agree. You think I haven't read the SRD.

Not so. You've clearly read the SRD. I don't think you're interpreting it correctly but that's an entirely different problem. My charge is mistakenness about the meaning of the SRD/PHB in the context of the assumed D&D world (which encounter tables, power center alignment tables, etc all play a part in indicating), not ignorance.

Haven't commented on Swordpoint -- no idea what it is. But since we believe that, by the book, evil people are evil, not conflicted and with much gray moral shading, as you believe, then it would stand to reason that a town full of good people would feel justified in taking out the trash. People seem to be using Swordpoint as a parallel for internment camps and abridgment of rights in a misguided attempt to stop crime, but they seem, in my opinion, to be doing so in a somewhat misguided attempt to draw a parallel with current political events (which I won't touch with a ten-foot pole)

If there is any parallel between current political events and Swordpoint, I suspect I see that supposed parallel very differently than you do.

The parallel between Swordpoint and certain mid-20th century activities, however, is quite clear. The only question is whether or not it would be justified to behave that way towards anyone who radiated evil. I would argue that it isn't--even if I grant you and Quas your definition of evil (except the "ought to be summarily executed" bit which would beg the question). However, all of the arguments I would use against it would apply equally to random smiting by wandering paladins as they would to organized extermination by detecters of evil* in authority.

*Swordpoint need not be ruled by paladins--good, and neutral clerics of all points on the law and chaos axis can detect evil and it seems that your premises justify the summary execution of evil by anyone who can detect it--not just by paladins. In fact, assuming that Swordpoint is run by paladins who are defined as good and just probably begs the question since whether Swordpoint is either good or just is the question the example is supposed to raise; I would maintain that it is neither. For the current discussion, I think a more productive use of the example would probably be this formulation:

Swordpoint is run by Lawful Neutral clerics. A paladin walks into Swordpoint during the annual purge. Does the paladin
A. Join the clerics because they're smiting evil and evil needs to be smited
B. Wince and think "it's probably not the best way to run a society but who am I to judge--they're evil so they've got it coming."
C. Oppose the injustice by word and deed.
(For the record, C. is my answer though B. might be acceptable in certain circumstances. From your post you seem to prefer B but I don't think you can consistently rule out A as an acceptable paladinly answer).
 

Elder-Basilisk said:
Swordpoint is run by Lawful Neutral clerics. A paladin walks into Swordpoint during the annual purge. Does the paladin
A. Join the clerics because they're smiting evil and evil needs to be smited
B. Wince and think "it's probably not the best way to run a society but who am I to judge--they're evil so they've got it coming."
C. Oppose the injustice by word and deed.
(For the record, C. is my answer though B. might be acceptable in certain circumstances. From your post you seem to prefer B but I don't think you can consistently rule out A as an acceptable paladinly answer).

A-C are valid responses. Depends on the game.
 

Dogbrain said:
This, of course, lacks all verissimilitude. However, there is no necessity that "lacking moral verissimilitude" and "bad setting" must be identical.

Hm, the two to me do seem closely connected. That's why Alignment IMC is ultimately subjective - you're classed as Evil because other people regard your morality as Evil, not because it's objectively true. I have the Great Wheel, Nine Hells et al, but they're ultimately the creations of human belief systems & thus subject to change.
 

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