The designers really royally screwed the whole thing up.
I believe you are catching on to what I've been saying for months.
But it is probably nearly impossible to take enough away from Dexterity in order to make it equal to Strength. And I am not sure what you could give Strength.
I don't think this needs to be hard at all. After all, WotC has given us plenty of solutions already. They just chose to not use them for this edition.
List the changes made (to weapon use) from 3E to 5E. And you will immediately have a few solutions, that are
proven to work.
I mean, yes, I'm not trying to pretend there wasn't bitching Dex wasn't good enough, but if you believe MMearls & Co threw out the baby with the bathwater, you could do worse by examining such a list.
From the top of my head:
* an archer engaged
in melee were considerably penalized, with no feat to magically make those disadvantages go away
* an archer shooting
into melee did so at a considerable penalty (not sure about this; could be from other fantyas rpgs)
* an archer shooting at a distance was penalized, with no feat to magically make those disadvantages go away
* an archer shooting at a target taking cover was penalized, with no feat to magically make those disadvantages go away
* an archer used Dex to attack, but either did not get an ability bonus to damage, or had to use Strength
(This last one also applies to Dex melee builds or "finesse builds")
And of course, the fundamental core of the entire fantasy genre: hit points
* you generally can't oneshot an enemy like in real life. If you can kill your foe with a single attack, attacking first becomes paramount. Not only does this favor Dexterity, it massively favors ranged combat over melee.
Not saying any of this absolutely must change. Just highlighting the fundamental differences between this edition and AD&D/d20. They are easy to forget.