The three campaigns I've started from scratch went:
1. "Your characters are each alone in town looking for other adventurers to go get rich with. I don't care how or why you got to this town; you're here now, deal with it." Naturally, I made sure they then *happened* to meet each other; they decided to form a party and head out into the wilds...after that, it was easy.
In other words, a somewhat gonzo start from a DM (i.e. me) who at the time didn't entirely know what he was doing.
2. "A famous, but long-unheard from, adventuring Company is holding a major recruiting meeting. You've each come to this meeting in hopes of catching on with these guys. The campaign begins at the start of the meeting." The Company then takes all the recruits, rejects a bunch, and sorts the rest into parties (with all the PCs in the same party, of course) and sends them off on test missions. The trick is that the whole thing is a set-up: the Company is a fake and the "test missions" are basically suicide runs; except the intrepid PCs manage to survive...
This one worked perfectly: they had a built-in reason to form a party - because it was formed for them - and an immediate job to do. And I got about 3 years worth of gaming out of that fake-Company plotline.
3. A hapless Cavalier and his very loud press agent (an almost-as-hapless Bard) roam their way up-country gathering characters as they go, in hopes of Doing Great Deeds In the Mountains. All the Bard had to do was tell 'em how great the Cavalier was and how rich they'd all get if they followed him, and the party just fell into place.

(and then Keep on the Borderlands ate them alive, but that's another story...)
For flavour reasons, I forced all starting PCs in this game to be Human, with other races allowed in once they got into the wild lands.
In general, I let people play what they want alignment-wise; but I'm also one of those DMs (and players, when on the other side of the screen) to whom in-party arguments and brawls are all just part of the game.
Lan-"five minutes for fighting"-efan