I've had this thought roll around in my brain cage for a while. It's been stated 5e was not going to be a splat-heavy edition of D&D (by WotC employees and others, some quoted in this very thread), and it sure hasn't been. There have been some scattered and random options as the OP mentioned, but nothing akin to the handbooks and Complete class books of old. I suspect there never will be (not from WotC anyway).
I'm finding the options are left up to imagination. 5e seems (from my perspective) to buck what I've viewed as a trend in current role-playing circles. Specifically, 'The Build'. I define 'The Build' as character creation done simply by the numbers, or at the very least where the numbers are the primary aspects a character is created by (and optimized), with the concept and actual character (or personality) a distant, if ever considered, second.
5e certainly can function in this way just fine for those that like it, but it's certainly not an ideal system for it (3.x/PF is far more suited for it if you're looking for close-to-D&D rules for Build characters).
5e, really, has gone back to a more "Concept First" approach. Your imagination is left to fill in the blanks of who your character is. That defines what you play instead of letting numbers tell you what you're playing.
Neither approach is wrong. Some people love one over the other or love another way of doing it altogether. They're all doing it right, since it's the way they enjoy it. I myself favor concept over stats, but that's mainly due to having started playing with a group that favored that approach, and luckily managed to find myself in groups that preferred it as well (though we do like the numbers to support our concepts).
I find myself looking over to my Pathfinder books and wishing 5e had as many options....but then I think about it and realize there isn't much in PF that I can't do, conceptually, in 5e.