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Why do clerics charge for spells?

Two things here:

First: the posters' understanding of the financial realities facing churches thus far seems to be pretty exclusively based on modern Christian churches. A friend of mine who recently decided to explore her Jewish heritage was surprised to discover that the synagogues she attended charged a membership fee that was structured like a progressive income tax scale (ie: the more money you make, the bigger percentage you had to donate). And, since it was a membership fee, unlike most Christian churches where donation is voluntary, you had to pay it if you wanted services. As a student, she was able to get a discounted student membership in the synagogue, but she still had to pay. And then, people would still have to pay the various functionaries for services like bar mitzvahs, etc.

Similarly, people have suggested that 10% form the minimum level of donation. That is a common expectation among modern Protestant Christians (and, judging from the books of the law, among ancient Jews) but doesn't appear to be a common element of world religions. Islam, for instance, dictates that its adherents give 2% of their income to charity--not 10%--and as far as I can tell does not have any definitive expected contribution towards the maintenance of a mosque. Medieval Catholicism adhered to the idea of a tithe (10%) but set that tithe based on 10% of a typical income in one given year and would often remain set at that level for decades or centuries. Thus, after a period of economic expansion, when people would attempt to reassess the tithe based on 10% of the new income, there was much resistance to the perceived increase of the tithe. (That there was resistance demonstrates that it was perceived as a set sum rather than a set proportion). I don't know enough about Hinduism, Bhuddism, and the various animist belief systems to give specific information, but I would be willing to bet that they all had different systems for providing for the financial needs of their religion. (For that matter, they had different financial needs as well--many tribal religions do not maintain permanent places of worship).

Second: thus far, everyone seems to have been operating off of the assumption that the priests operate as a part of the community and share normal perspectives upon money. That is not necessarily accurate.

One of the more interesting role-playing experiences I've had recently was in a Living Arcanis module. We were seeking out a priest of Yarris (the god of the sea) who was said to dwell underneath the docks. So, at low tide, we climbed down and walked into his cave, expecting to find a priest with some well-pressed vestments who would ask for money and then give his services. Instead, we find a nearly naked man dressed in rags with seaweed stuck in his hair and beard sitting in a tide cave filled with detritus washed up by the waves. Amid the detritus was all sorts of wealth that had clearly been washed into this cave by the waves. He largely ignored us, only asking that we give the sea-god his due. When we had cast an offering into the waves, he pointed down a long passage which we found led to our destination.

As soon as we met the priest of Yarris, it was pretty obvious that we were not going to be able to persuade him to help us out for free through the use of rational arguments. If he shared our perspective on what was rational, he would have had an ornate temple above the docks and in the temple district. In order to get anything out of him, we needed to conform to his paradigm, not the other way around.

To a lesser degree, that may explain portions of the more common phenomenon. Erik the bold has to pay his 150gp for a remove disease after he gets bitten by an Otyugh in the sewers. The common visualization of this is that the priest goes to a cash register and says "show me the money." (And that probably works just fine for priests of Zilchus). But, what if the priest instead asks for an offering to Yarris and Erik casts the shields of a dozen foes into the waves as an offering to the sea-god. Or, he buys a bull to sacrifice to Zeus. Or offers sweet incense at the temple of the merchant god. Or spends his time with the temple prostitutes of Venus.
 

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The same question gets raised by my players. They feel that since they are often performing services for the good of said church, community, government/nobility...etc, that they should receive healing and spellcasting services for free.

I try to explain OOC and IC that the temple charges as a means of generating income to keep the building in good order, pay for ingrediants and needed materials, and the like, but they are quite adamant that given the good they do, spells should be free.

Sad thing is, I can quite agree with them on some occasions.
 

Dr_Rictus said:
Not true. All spells carry an opportunity cost based on what else could have been achieved with that spell slot on that particular day.

So does not casting the spell, if what the PCs are going to do somehow benefits your church.

edit: If the PCs need your aid and you deny it to them, there is a cost associated to that as well. Like if they all run from a dragon because you didn't give them their Hero's Feast, and then the dragon burns down some villages, and then you have to go around raising and healing people.
 

Lots of interesting perspectives.

There is an underlying assumption in the argument on opportunity costs that the cleric is actively using their magic to accomplish various tasks. This is possible, but not guaranteed. If I still have spells left at the end of the day, aren't I just wasting that potential (especially with spontaneous healing)?

An interesting aspect of polytheism I've picked up from watching Rome on HBO: people tend to make offerings to lots of different gods under different circumstances. A metropolis probably has enough people to support many gods. Smaller communities either wouldn't have representatives or would have a more focused selection. Organized religion is something of an urban affair anyway, given the need for specialized roles for the clergy. Of course, D&D frequently features temples in smaller communities for convenience (and magic could be the thing that lowers the minimum population necessary to support a temple).

The idea of taxing transients makes wonderful sense...it is the same logic used in tolls and entry fees. It is also part of the logic behind modern "commuter" taxes. Taxing folks who don't vote is always more palatable.

Having said that, in a fantasy world where the wishes of the gods are basically clear (and if they are unclear, you can just go ASK for clarification), one would think that the whole point of granting spells to clerics is to have them promote a god's agenda in the mortal realm. I would expect the cleric of the god of agriculture to support local farmers gratis, and I would expect a healing order to provide minor healing spells (maybe up to 3rd level, like a potion) for free or for a nominal fee. Also, anybody contributing greatly to the faith should expect assistance. If I am a cleric or paladin of Pelor, I should be able to expect assistance in a temple of Pelor.

These freebies aren't really free, of course. Wealthy individuals are expected to donate, but it may be more subtle than extorting money in exchange for healing. A supporter of the temple might be unwilling to help the PCs until they make a suitable donation, for example. The priest would NEVER suggest such a thing, but he isn't above mentioning the lack of funds to the supporter in idle conversation...
 

Oh, and our characters in Storm Raven's campaign are definitely working for the church... Too bad the evil artifact we gave the Vicar-General is slowly killing him, LOL.

(No, we didn't know it would do that.)
 

DragonLancer said:
I try to explain OOC and IC that the temple charges as a means of generating income to keep the building in good order, pay for ingrediants and needed materials, and the like, but they are quite adamant that given the good they do, spells should be free.

IRL, if a police officer or firefighter gets injured, on the job or off, they have to pay for medical treatment. Okay, okay, their insurance pays, but the point is the hospital doesn't offer freebies. They even charge their employees.

Now, if the party is undertaking missions on behalf of the church, acting as the church's agents, then I could see getting support in the form of spellcasting, and maybe some potions or scrolls. But just "hey, we're the good guys!" doesn't cut it.

Do they expect free meals at the tavern? Free horses from the king?
 

DreadPirateMurphy said:
Clerics are presumably paid a stipend or salary by the church, which is supported from tithes, grants by the government, sale of crafts (e.g., by monastic orders), and possibly fines and confiscations in some settings.

Tithes and sale of crafts. Why shouldn't they also get paid for such useful services as casting spells? Is wine or soap of some other commodity the clergy could create somehow more valuable than the spells they can cast?

Sure, a Good cleric will likely cast a cure spell for a parishoner first, and ask questions later. But for those wandering ne'er do wells that make their lives travelling around, stirring up trouble and having "adventures"? Why on Earth (or Oerth, or Toril, or whichever) should they not give back a bit for the good they recieve?
 

bodhi said:
Do they expect free meals at the tavern? Free horses from the king?

Sometimes, yeah.

King: "Go save the world!"

PC: "A helm of brilliance would sure help me do that..."

King: "Yer gunna have to cough up the 125 grand if you want that, buddy! What do you take me for, a sucker? Get lost and bother someone else."

[PCs die, world ends, all thanks to the lack of a helm of brilliance]
 

LostSoul said:
Sometimes, yeah.

King: "Go save the world!"

PC: "A helm of brilliance would sure help me do that..."

King: "Yer gunna have to cough up the 125 grand if you want that, buddy! What do you take me for, a sucker? Get lost and bother someone else."

[PCs die, world ends, all thanks to the lack of a helm of brilliance]

Sometime's not.

Kings Advisor: "Sire! The enemy is at the gates and they bear the helm of brilliance you gave those adventurers! Did the adventurers sell it? Or did they fail and deliver our only defense to our mortal enemies?"

The trick is knowing who to trust and when. ;)
 


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