I'm torn between "Void" and "Spirit" as the 5th element. I may have to combine them. I really have a lot to think about.
The other thing is how this all relates to the dragons, and their "shattering". I'm thinking that that act is what has caused the beginning of the death of the world. Did the Gods break the dragons? Were the dragons immortal? Were they the first gods? Hmmm... or did they merely rival and threaten them? If the gods didn't break the dragons, who did? Was it with the approval of the gods? Or were the dragons the servants of the gods, and their breaking was taken as an assault on the gods?
This is what I've come up with so far:
And, heck, let's add Magic, the Gathering: White, Black, Green, Blue, Red make a fine set of five.
I had forgotten Curse of Chalion had 5 gods! One of my all-time favorite novels. I like especially the role of the Bastard, outside the normal seasonal/familial pattern. An excellent patron for adventurers. If I go with Void as the 5th "element", I could definitely use the idea of the familial roles with the other four, and name the 5th as the outsider.
I'm torn between "Void" and "Spirit" as the 5th element. I may have to combine them. I really have a lot to think about.
The other thing is how this all relates to the dragons, and their "shattering". I'm thinking that that act is what has caused the beginning of the death of the world. Did the Gods break the dragons? Were the dragons immortal? Were they the first gods? Hmmm... or did they merely rival and threaten them? If the gods didn't break the dragons, who did? Was it with the approval of the gods? Or were the dragons the servants of the gods, and their breaking was taken as an assault on the gods?
Even with MTG if you stuck to the elements still White=Wind, Black=Earth, Green=Wood, Blue=Water, Red=Fire.
The problem with Spirit is that it is greater than all the others
I think that's a very modern Western mindset and interpretation - I could go into some of the influences that make it seem to us like "Spirit" is greatest, but they'd verge on discussion of real world religion (which has a huge impact on our views of magic and spirituality).
But, imagine a mindset that has not shunned the importance of the physical in day-to-day life, because it hasn't bought into either people's mastery of, or the ultimate irrelevance of, the physical realm. A culture, for example, that still has to worry about whether there will be a fire in the hearth tomorrow, and whether the earth in the fields will be fertile, and whether the water will give you dysentery, might have a much different view of the balance of things.
I think calling White=wind and Black=Earth misses most of the representation of those colors in the game, so I don't think that's really a good analogy.
I can't think of much which is less describable as "modern Western".
In short, the animist viewpoint is that things happen, and things move, because they are alive.
As I already noted - this would be going into real world religion and its impact upon philosophy, which is not appropriate for this thread or forum. So, we'll have to let that go.
To be clear, I'm speaking from the position I took from the OP - where the elements are cosmological principles that have major deific representations - like in a D&D pantheon. This is very much not animism, which doesn't have five gods, but a multitude of "small gods".
In this view, you don't attach "spirit" to everything - that'd be double-counting it. The traditional four physical elements have their *own* motive forces (in D&D terms, elementals), and don't need other "spirits".
"Spirit" then is attached to things that have some animus, but are not clearly one of the four elements - maybe people, or animals, maybe even plants. Maybe crafted items (in which two or more elements have been melded together - Earth + Fire = Sword, style, wherein the crafted object we may not be able to call dominion of one element or another).

(Dungeons & Dragons)
Rulebook featuring "high magic" options, including a host of new spells.