Actually, what I wrote is entirely true. A check doesn't matter how much you make it by at all. You misinterpreted what I wrote and assumed I meant that a situation demanded only a
single check. How silly your assumption! There is not one DC for everything in a room, and need not be only a single check is required for everything there might be; to even think I meant those points pretty ridiculous.
Success and failure is binary. You either make the DC or you don't. Sure, some DM's play that the more you make it by, the more you know or whatever, but then they are simply running their table that way. In your example, even if the DM asked for only a single check for an
entire room (which we don't do), it would be something like this:
DC 10: Hidden cabinet
DC 15: Forgotten safe
DC 20: Hidden glyphs
If your check resulted in a 18, the results are easy:
Did you roll 10 or higher? Yes, you found the cabinet.
Did you roll 15 or higher? Yes, you found the safe.
Did you roll 20 or higher? No, you don't find anything else.
Each case is binary. If I rolled a 19 the results are the same and it isn't as though I "found those things better than you." You either make it or you don't. Technically, a DM can ask for three checks because there are three things to find. You might roll a 4 and a 12, missing the cabinet and the safe, but a 21 the last time and find the glyphs.
Yet even your knowledge check example is binary. The DM should know what DC is required for certain piece of knowledge. If the character is trying to figure out, learn about, discover the "real secret info covered up blah blah blah" the DM sets the DC at 25. The player makes the check against that number. You can run it with different DC's for a general check if you want or make multiple checks as well.
If you run your game with a single check and set multiple DCs that is fine, but that isn't the way we play and certainly once a DC is set, success or failure remains binary.