China Mieville on Tolkien and Epic/High Fantasy

I do like where he's going though -- I think gritty, urban fantasy is tons of fun, and I'd like to see more of it.

Unlike him, however, I don't particularly need to be challenged by books I read, I need to be entertained. It's less likely I'll be entertained by cliched and thoughtless books, but that doesn't mean that traditional epic fantasy can't entertain me from time to time. Popular fiction doesn't have to be a high-brow artform, and to try to demand that it must be seems a bit pretentious, to say the least.

But the idea of a Next Wave of fantasy, bypassing Tolkien and building instead off of "weird tales" -- I'm certainly interested in such a movement. As long as it is parallel rather than replacing Tolkien-esque fantasy.
 

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Tratyn Runewind said:
Hello,



With all that said, I will note that Mieville is right that there is a segment of SF fandom that thinks disparagingly of fantasy. I just think that even to bother addressing the concerns of this crowd is all but pointless, since, from what I have seen, they're almost uniformly horrible people, well worthy of adjectives that would not meet with the approval of various moderators' grandmothers. Mieville obviously has some sympathy for them and some concern for their opinions, though - not surprising in one so pathetically captivated by "radicalism", apparently for its own sake. And this concern has apparently led to the little article linked to in the first post of this thread.

The rest of Runewind's post was well stated but that above is one hell of an 'ad hominum' attack (attacking the person instead of the argument).
 

Dimwhit said:
But I find China Mieville's statement that fantasy and science fiction are fundamentally different genres interesting, because I think it's just the opposite. It would be very hard to completely separate the two without re-defining movies like Star Wars.

Of course he agrees with you which is why he says that that saying that Sci-Fi and Fantasy are fundamentally different is untrue. ;)

Tratyn Runewind said:
No. But it's about what I'd expect from the author of the vastly overhyped Perdido Street Station, which reads like a so-so William Gibson pastiche written after a two-week LSD and Final Fantasy bender.

Ouch. Of course I think it was one of the few things I've had recomended on this board that actually lived up to and surpassed expectations, but different strokes and all that.

Even a cursory reading will show that Tolkien's villains were much bigger fans of "hierarchical status-quos" than his heroes.

That of course doesn't stop there being 'benign' heirarchies among the fellowship, and the 'goodies'.

The people of Gondor, who were the closest among Tolkien's heroic nations to having a "hierarchical status-quo", were explicitly in decline. The Shire has no real hierarchy until Saruman (through Lotho) intervenes, setting up "Gatherers" and "Sharers" and multiplying the Shirrifs, which sends the Shire into a disgruntled decline.

Except that the main heirachical status quo is the relationship between man and servant, or in this case hobbit and servant, shown by Sam and Frodo. To argue that the Shire had no heirarchies demonstrates a somewhat cursory reading in and of itself. Interesting point about Gondor, but with the wizards (which I've slipped for space) I think that there are heirarchies that aren't based on domination, but that can still be seen as bad if you are uncomfortable with heriarchy. To discuss this further gets dangerously close to discussing politics, but it's hard not to do that when discussing the ideas of someone like Meiville whose work is so politically informed. In fact, your point about radicalism for its own sake further down pretty much demonstrates what I'm talking about here. To discuss that further means discussing politics, and I'm a big believer in a politics free ENWorld.

The comment about absolute morality blurring complexities is telling, too. It is the other way around - complexities are created to blur absolute morality, usually to the advantage of the ones doing the blurring, who would typically be judged harshly by such morality if their attempts at sophistry fail. Even so, hard moral choices are made in Tolkien's work, most notably by Faramir (who, if he were so fond of "hierarchical status-quos", would have had Frodo and Sam shot down on sight without a second thought).

On this, I think we might have to agree to disagree. Again, hard moral choices are amde in LotR, but that doesn't in and of itself disallow the possibility that Tolkien demonstrates a liking for heirarchies.

As to "glorying in war", you get a glimpse into Tolkien's ideas on the subject with Bilbo's thoughts before he gets clocked by a rock towards the end of The Hobbit, and in some of Aragorn's discussion with Eowyn. In any case, I'd consider Tolkien, who saw service in one of the more brutal wars of a brutal century, better qualified to comment on the subject than a trendy poseur like Mieville.

The other side of this coin is that Tolkein, who was involved in WW2, was to personally involved to have had any real emotional distance form it and therefore lacks the ability to make any kind of rational comment on it, unlike Meilville, who in case it matters, is as highly educated as Tolkein was. One comment about 'War beign heck' is not the same as not glorifying war.

'trendy poseur' isn't a particulalry helpful line for anything expect exposing your bias. It doesn't really mean anything as a term of analysis. That goes for the epithets used in the last paragraph too.

Joshua Dyal said:
I do like where he's going though -- I think gritty, urban fantasy is tons of fun, and I'd like to see more of it.

Unlike him, however, I don't particularly need to be challenged by books I read, I need to be entertained. It's less likely I'll be entertained by cliched and thoughtless books, but that doesn't mean that traditional epic fantasy can't entertain me from time to time. Popular fiction doesn't have to be a high-brow artform, and to try to demand that it must be seems a bit pretentious, to say the least.

But the idea of a Next Wave of fantasy, bypassing Tolkien and building instead off of "weird tales" -- I'm certainly interested in such a movement. As long as it is parallel rather than replacing Tolkien-esque fantasy.

This is more or less how I feel too. I like Tolkein, I like Meilville and I think there's a place for all of it in this world. I can see critiques of both being easy to make. I guess the difference between me and Joshua on this is that I do like to challenged by my reading. Not all the time, but I almost always enjoy something that challenges me on some level mor ethan something that doesn't.
 

This argument gets kicked around a lot on writing websites. My personal opinion is that most writers arguing about it should shut up and write, and most readers are not going to convinced of one thing or the other.

I've read plenty of Science Fiction that wasn't idea fiction, to the point where I could with some internal justification call it "The Literature of Tropes" rather than the literature of ideas -- almost every issue of Asimov's SF and the Magazine of FSF has yet another story that uses quantum physics in some overly cute way, yet another future-slice-of-life story that uses Internet extrapolation and wearable computer research to spice up a "Divorce in the Hamptons" story, and yet another been-there-done-that-idea story by a writer who is famous enough to look good on the cover. This isn't a dig at those magazines -- they only publish it because people want to read it.

By the same token, saying that Fantasy is the literature of characters is unsupportable. You could say the same thing about Romance novels. They both use archetypes rather than actual characters most of the time. You can't throw a rock in the fantasy section of Borders without hitting an oft-scorned scullery lad who is castigated for having 21st-century ethics in a Middle Ages setting, as well as a birthmark shaped like a phoenix holding a crown in one claw and a flaming sword in the other, who then goes on to save the world six times from progressively more horned-and-scaly manifestations of that guy who bullied the author back in middle school -- or the orphan girl who is amazingly beautiful but odd in some way that causes all the locals to call her ugly until some incredibly handsome (and also possessed of 21st-century ethics despite living in the Middle Ages and being tutored and raised by people with Middle Ages ethics) young man in a position of power falls for her and realizes that her gift of using song/poetry/dancing/weaving to control/predict/talk to/feel the emotions of the savage and untamed dragons/whales/rainbows/unicorns/star-magic-people is precious and wonderful, and then he makes her into a princess, and everyone is happy.

EDIT: And there are exceptions in every genre. There are really original SF novels and amazingly real Fantasy novels -- and really funny and realistic and enjoyable Romance novels, too. So what we've established is that some people have generalizations one way, some people have generalizations the other way, and there are exceptions to all generalizations. :)

So, really, writing is writing. Genre is only useful in helping you find what you like. Using it for sweeping philosophical judgements is great for starting arguments and not much else.
 
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Olive said:
The other side of this coin is that Tolkein, who was involved in WW2, was to personally involved to have had any real emotional distance form it and therefore lacks the ability to make any kind of rational comment on it, unlike Meilville, who in case it matters, is as highly educated as Tolkein was. One comment about 'War beign heck' is not the same as not glorifying war.

One could equally say that Tolkien, who was involved in WW2, actually has the capability to comment on it intelligently, as opposed to someone who has only read about it in the book. No book, no matter how well written, is going to give the same impression as actually being there, feeling the ground vibrate under your feet as the German bombs hit, of wondering if the next one is going to land on you, of knowing that talking will not stop the bombs from falling, that it is them or you.

I have a hard time thinking of Tolkien's work as "glorifying war". Heinlein's Starship Troopers? I'll buy that. But not The Hobbit or The Lord of the Rings. Glorifying the people who are willing to die protecting their homes and loved ones, sure. And why shouldn't he? That is noble.

J
 

drnuncheon said:
One could equally say that Tolkien, who was involved in WW2, actually has the capability to comment on it intelligently, as opposed to someone who has only read about it in the book. No book, no matter how well written, is going to give the same impression as actually being there, feeling the ground vibrate under your feet as the German bombs hit, of wondering if the next one is going to land on you, of knowing that talking will not stop the bombs from falling, that it is them or you.

This arguement isn't going to get us anywhere, especially as I don't believe that the one I put forward is any more correct than the one you're putting forward. Needless to say there is a reason historians use primary AND secondary sources.

I have a hard time thinking of Tolkien's work as "glorifying war". Heinlein's Starship Troopers? I'll buy that. But not The Hobbit or The Lord of the Rings. Glorifying the people who are willing to die protecting their homes and loved ones, sure. And why shouldn't he? That is noble.

Sure, but it's still a glorification of war. And writing stories set during a war so that your characters have a noble reason to fight is still a glorification of war. In fact it's a particularly full on glorification. Thinking that just war is a good thing that should be glorified is pretty much exactly what Meilville's talking about. Again, this is difficult to discuss without talkibng politics.

I don't neccesarily think that all the things that Meiville points out about Tolkein are actually bad things myself. I just think that Tolkein DOES do all the things (to a greater or lesser degree) that Meiville says he does. Like I said originally, I'm a Tolkein fan. I'm a DnD player for ghod's sake!
 

Viking Bastard said:
How do you know that if you haven't read that much fantasy?

If it did not satisfy me so completely, then I would seek out other fantasy literature to read. And I have read other fantasy fiction or started to read it, and it didn't stir me like Lord of the Rings nor make me want to read it again. Lord of the Rings has all the elements I love in a fantasy story written to perfection.

Olive said:
Isn't it?

No, not a single bit of it. He took a moment in time and wrote about it. He was not writing about every little event that occurred in the lives of the characters, only what was occurring at that point in time in their lives. It was not his intent to stir discussions on morality or class. He wrote a fantasy story.

Judging from China's comments, he far over-reached his bounds by making such claims about Tolkien's work. Tolkien wrote a story with some grains of truth, alot of myth, and a great deal of love.

By the way, I get real tired of pseudo-intellectual windbags reading more into speculative fiction than is there. IMO, Tolkien wrote stories because he loved to write stories, not to be a pedagogue about morality or other issues. I enjoy a story for the sake of the story, and I don't attempt to read social issues into a made up story.
 
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Celtavian said:
No, not a single bit of it. He took a moment in time and wrote about it. He was not writing about every little event that occurred in the lives of the characters, only what was occurring at that point in time in their lives. It was not his intent to stir discussions on morality or class. He wrote a fantasy story.

Judging from China's comments, he far over-reached his bounds by making such claims about Tolkien's work. Tolkien wrote a story with some grains of truth, alot of myth, and a great deal of love.

Surely the absence of these discussions, the choice of the period in which to write and the unstated but very real presence of class and gender and morality in the story back up Meilville's claims? None of which alters your last sentence - what you say about Tolkein and waht Meiville says about Tolkein are in conflict.

Meiville is really just carrying on what pleanty of others have said about Tolkein. See Michael Moorcock on him here:

"What I found lacking in Tolkien which I had found in, for instance, the Elder Edda, was a sense of tragedy, of reality, of mankind's impermanence. Tolkien really did set out to write a fairy tale and in my view that's exactly what he did—provide a perfect escape plan, which had the added attractions of having been written by an Oxford don. I knew and liked Tolkien who in a bufferish sort of way was very kind to me and encouraging. I looked forward to those books coming out. I was deeply disappointed by their lack of weight and their lack of ambitious language."

And also here . Be warned, this link is Political. More by Meiville here. This is probably even more Political than the last link...

I like this discussion better than arguing about Paladins and conduct, let me tell you! Although there are some similar overtones... ;)
 

Celtavian said:
If it did not satisfy me so completely, then I would seek out other fantasy literature to read. And I have read other fantasy fiction or started to read it, and it didn't stir me like Lord of the Rings nor make me want to read it again. Lord of the Rings has all the elements I love in a fantasy story written to perfection.
This doesn't explain how your opinion that it's the best fantasy ever written means a whole lot. You still haven't read much of anything else.

It was not his intent to stir discussions on morality or class. He wrote a fantasy story.
I think you have a very narrow view of his works. He absolutely expressed all kinds of opinions about what's good, what's evil, the duty of the average person, the sad loss of the upper class, and all kinds of things about morality and class.

IMO, Tolkien wrote stories because he loved to write stories, not to be a pedagogue about morality or other issues.
And IMO he wrote stories to tell a tale, which almost always has deeper meaning. All good stories have a message, imo.

I enjoy a story for the sake of the story, and I don't attempt to read social issues into a made up story.
That's cool, and a perfectly fine way to enjoy stories. That doesn't mean there's not a ton of meaning behind them that you happen to be ignoring or not noticing.
 

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