No worries!!
See, I disagree. In another thread I just gave an example to
@Oofta. If you are attempting to build a wall to keep out a barbarian horde and you fail the roll, no progress has very significant consequences. The horde is going to ride in now and chop you up. There is no setback there as the wall didn't become worse. The wall just failed to move forward.
There are many, many situations where a failure to move forward will have meaningful consequence. The circumstances around the attempt will determine that, not the failed roll itself.
Interesting example, and you resolve this apparent paradox in your next paragraph:
This is tied into my above example. The game circumstances will determine when you are unable to try again. Going back to the wall and the incoming barbarian horde, you would be unable to try again as the horde would be riding over your face during the second attempt.
Yeah, we've talked about the time pressure factor a number of times. And I don't think anybody has disagreed that squandered time...whether it's your turn in combat or the 1 minute the DM said you have until the monster catches you...counts as a consequence. Or can count, if there's time pressure.
"No progress, but squandered resources" is really negative progress; calling it merely "no progress" leaves off an important qualifier. If meeting the goal has become harder, then the game (or world) state has
not remained unchanged, and the PCs are in a worse position.
Again, the critical factor (for me, anyway) is whether the supposed consequence creates a disincentive to try the action. The archetypical example would be, "Anybody else want to roll History?" I mean, why
wouldn't you roll the d20, even if you have a -1 modifier?
We can argue about the definition of 'consequence', but what I really mean is that I think (or, at least, I'm still experimenting with thinking) that dice shouldn't be rolled unless the player would, upon failing a roll, regret having rolled. (Or, more precisely, would regret having chosen to take that action.)
P.S. Just as a reminder, I (for one) am not trying to argue that any of this is defined by the rules. Or I don't care whether or not it is. I just think it's more fun to play with consequences for dice rolls, and am interested in exploring what that looks like in non-obvious situations.