Kinda. In AD&D, for example, it depends on the 1st level character. An orc can do a maximum of 8 points of damage with a single hit.
That's enough to kill any magic-users and thieves (if you weren't using the death's door, unconscious at zero, dead at -10 option), but not clerics (w/high CON), fighters, cavaliers, or barbarians (and their subclasses). It was also common, in my experience, to grant PCs maximum HP at first level, meaning a fighter with no CON adjustment had 10 HP, a barbarian 12 HP, and a ranger 16 HP.
BTW, this means the barbarian and ranger can't be killed by a single hit from an [/i]ogre (max 10 per hit).
And it was uncommon from what I saw in actual play for martial PCs to not have a positive CON adj.
This is true.