End of suspens for French names:
Greenland - Groenland
Iceland - Islande
Norway - Norvège
Sweden - Suède
Finland - Finlande
Denmark - Danemark
Denmark (The Faeroe Islands) - Îles Féroé
Eire (Ireland) - Irlande
The United Kingdom (England) - Angleterre (or,
la Perfide Albion 
)
The United Kingdom (Wales) - Pays de Galle (one funny thing is how many French 'G' are English 'W': Galle/Wales, Guillaume/Williams, Garou/Were, Guerre/War...)
The United Kingdom (Scotland) - Écosse
The United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) - Irlande du Nord
France - France
Spain - Espagne
Portugal - Portugal
Andorra - Andorre
Belgium - Belgique
The Netherlands (Holland) - Pays-Bas (litterally, low country = netherland) (or Hollande)
Luxumberg - Luxemburg
Germany - Allemagne
Switzerland - Suisse
Lichtenstein - Lichtenstein
Italy - Italie
San Marcos - San Marin
Austria - Autriche
Poland - Pologne
The Czech Republic - République Tchèque
Slovakia - Slovaquie
Hungary - Hongrie
Romania - Roumanie
Bulgaria - Bulgarie
Slovenia - Slovènie
Croatia - Croatie
Bosnia/Herzegovina - Bosnie (or Bosnie Herzégovine)
Serbia - Serbie
Macedonia - Macédoine
Montenegro - Monténégro.
Albania - Albanie
Greece - Grèce
Turkey - Turquie (or, in olde Frenche,
la Sublime Porte)
Estonia - Estonie
Latvia - I'm not sure what is is. Lettonie, maybe (if that's the country beside Estonie and Lithuania).
Lithuania - Lituanie
Belarus - Biélorussie
Ukraine - Ukraine
Moldova - Moldavie
Russia - Russie
Georgia - Géorgie.
Armenia - Arménie
Azerbaijian - Azerbaïdjan
France (Corsica) - Corse, as in "Ô Corse, île de Beauté"... or just "boum"

Italy (Sardinia) - Sardaigne
Italy (Sicily) - Sicile
The United Kingdom (Gibrator) - Gibraltar
France (Monaco) - Monaco
Greece (Crete) - Crète
Cyprus - Chypre
Malta - Malte
Portugal (The Azore Islands) - Les Açores
Outside of Europe (just the French names, I live you the fun of guessing what is what... Not that hard, usually). I don't claim this is an exhaustive (nor an accurate ones, some state change names, get cut in little piece, swallow others, etc.) list, I'm not much skilled at geography.
Amérique du Nord, Amérique du Sud, Afrique, Asie, Europe, Océanie, Antarctique.
États-Unis d'Amérique (there's a Géorgie here also, by the way

), Canada, Québec, Mexique, Colombie, Argentine, Uruguay, Paraguay, Chili, Brésil, Pérou, Guyane Française, Guyana, Surinam, Australie, Nouvelle-Zélande, Micronésie, Indonésie, Timor oriental, Vietnam (ex Indochine), Japon, Chine, Laos, Tibet, Myanmar (former Birmanie), Mongolie, Tchétchénie, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Cachemire, Inde, Banglasdesh, Arabie Saoudite, Émirats Arabes Unis, Yemen, Quatar, Irak (in ancient time, Perse), Iran, Syrie, Palestine, Israël, Égypte, Éthiopie, Érythrée, Somalie, Tunisie, Algérie, Maroc, Nigéria, Libéria, Côte d'Ivoire, Burundi, Rwanda, Congo-Kinshasa (ex Zaïre), Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, Afrique du Sud, République Centrafricaine, Tanzanie, Bostwana...