The character of John Walker was first introduced as the supervillain Super-Patriot in
Captain America #323 (November
1986).
Mark Gruenwald created Walker to counter the general message in
Captain America of
patriotism being invariably good, describing him as someone "who embodied patriotism in a way that
Captain America didn't—a patriotic
villain. "Basically, I just wanted to do the opposite of Steve Rogers. Okay, Steve Rogers is a poor northern urban boy. So I'll make a guy from rural middle-class south. Cap is now old, so this guy'll be a real young up-and-comer. Cap has lofty ideals, so I'll make Super-Patriot be more realistic and more pragmatic. So, I put together his background and character traits by playing the opposite game."