Abjuration: Unnatural hardiness, leading to a slight decline in biodiversity. When all the plants are tough and all the creatures have bony plates or chitinous carapaces, the land suffers a bit--everything is a dogged survivor, but there are fewer things surviving.
Conjuration: The world becomes physically unstable in various ways. Teleportation may become a natural ability of the creatures living there, and in places where the magic is particularly strong, desires may literally cause objects to be summoned from elsewhere or to spontaneously pop into existence. This is a mixed blessing for local fauna; accidental summonings/creations can be useful, but they can also be junk.
Divination: Seeing things--other places or the future--happens constantly. Every even slightly reflective surface will be a view to somewhere else on the plane. Some creatures might develop telepathy (though that's more Echantment), others preternatural senses. I could see this becoming a place where magic itself becomes a food, with Detect Magic being an instinctive ability predators use to hunt prey.
Enchantment: Beguiling and enthralling, enhancing and binding. Not so much a place where you can't trust your senses as one where you can't trust your thoughts--predators luring prey by controlling their emotions, prey defending itself by inflicting dread or literally putting a curse/beguilement on a predator so that it can't willingly harm the prey.
Evocation: This one's easy. FIRE! FIRE! FIRE EVERYWHERE! But no, seriously, an environment where the elements are screwy. Trees with clouds of smoke instead of leaves. Flowers made of frost or actually sprouting little flames. Creatures made of rock or flowing water. Just generally the classical elements being blended into living, breathing creatures.
Illusion: This one is also easy; exactly what it says on the tin. Illusions everywhere. I imagine lots of invisible creatures or creatures that can fake where they're located (think displacer beast), mating displays using minor illusion, mimicking the calls of your prey with ghost sound, etc. The inverse of Enchantment, you can't trust your senses to tell you what's real and what's not.
Necromancy: Yeah, I pretty much agree. I'd add some "the land sucks the life out of most things that try to live in it," but yeah. Swamps. Decay. Parasites. Generally nasty things.
Transmutation: The metamorph's paradise. Where Conjuration made location fluid, Transmutation makes material fluid. Creatures may literally transform themselves in order to hunt, or may transform their kills into more easily-stored forms to consume later. Prey creatures might be able to transform themselves to blend in, or might transform their environment to keep themselves hidden and protected.