wingsandsword
Legend
While not strictly necessary, they could have made it a pure origin story/flashback, the alternate timeline lets them work without the "Smallville problem" of doing a lengthy prequel series (such as future movies, a TV series ect.) with a predetermined outcome.I'm getting really tired of time travel in sci-fi. When used well it's excellent. However, most of the time I think it's just a lazy plot device. It wasn't used awfully here, but I'm not convinced it was strictly necessary.
They can refer to backstory events that are still canonical (like Star Trek: Enterprise, or Cochrane breaking the light barrier ect.) because they still happened, and they can bring in other alien races we know to exist at their leisure as they are discovered or interacted with before they otherwise would be (Borg, Ferengi ect.), and thanks to Future-Spock they have someone with knowledge of the galaxy and science from a century ahead, providing a nice explanation if they want to have things like Holodecks appear before their time, a little like him bringing back what was bleeding-edge transporter technology. Since they coudn't even do that in TNG.
I'll assume perfecting Transwarp beaming was something Montgomery Scott did after he was rescued and set loose into the 2370's, guess he didn't retire after all. Since the year Future-Spock came from was 2387, and we hadn't seen much of that far into the 24th century (Voyager came home in 2378, Nemesis was set in 2379, so we haven't seen a thing of what has happened in the last 8 years or so, Scotty might have really revolutionized Transporting instead of retiring). Given the load of Future-Tech and Borg Tech that Voyager came home with, they could have had a sizable jump in technology especially with the Transwarp technology Voyager used to get home and the super-long distance subspace communications Lt. Barclay invented to communicate with Voyager during the Pathfinder Project.
This is a semi-fan wank, but it may depend on how strong the black hole is. If you've read anything on the LHC/Black Hole debate, it's the same general principle. Small black holes will "evaporate", but perhaps the added bonus of a planet's gravity helps stabilize it long enough.
Though I'll admit, the whole black hole physics was wonky in the movie. I chalk it up to deus ex machina.
Personally, my fan-wank on the Red Matter issue is that it's probably Romulan technology. We know that in the TNG Era (2360's+) Romulans use artificial singularities as power sources for their starships. We also know that malfunctions in these quantum singularity power cores can have odd temporal side effects (TNG episode "Timescape"). I figured that the joint Vulcan/Romulan plan to save Romulus involved using their entire supply of whatever they used to create these artificial singularities, hence the huge supply of "Red Matter", and they'd never used it in such quantity, creating a singularity with more temporal side effects.
What is Red Matter, we don't know, but being honest, there is a lot about condensed matter physics and singularities that we don't know in the 21st century, so I'll accept that it's some form of exotic condensed matter that when subjected to extreme heat and radiation (like say, a planetary core, or an exploding starship) can implode to form a singularity.