In my setting, humans (when they existed) had the same skin coloration as humans in the real world.
Halflings (when they existed) were the same as humans
Hill dwarves have darker complections, darker hair, though some are lighter toned (for real world comparisons, similar to people from Mexico and south). Mountain dwarves are pasty with lighter hair colors (they live in mountains where light doesn't shine). I have 2 more subraces (iron and wild), iron dwarves have metallic gray (light gray to near black) skin with firey red hair, while wild dwarves range between mountain and hill dwarves.
Moon/high elves are super pale with white or light blond hair, sun elves have dark brown to black skin with red, orange, or yellow hair. Wood elves have tan to light brown skin, drow are albino white with pitch black hair.
Gnomes are similar to humans
Orcs are black skinned with fire red hair, or some have blue skin with stark white hair.
Goblins are pale skinned to green skinned. Hobgoblins are green to gray skinned. Bugbears have brown to black fur and skin
Dragonborn and kobolds are colored like dragons, though the kobolds coloring is a bit washed out (like taking the color saturation to 50%)
I merged kenku and aarakocra together, and they can look like any bird in the world. Raven/crow, eagle, owl, blue jay, cardinal, etc. I even had a chicken NPC for an easter one-shot (he was a candy maker that became a wererabbit and ended up making monstrous candy creatures like giant living peeps with molten marshmallow breath weapon).
Tieflings, aasimar, and genasi are "template" races, in that they are distinct races of their own, but look like one of the other races, so they have no set skin color but add a few extra to the "base race". Skin color doesn't play into any sort of racism, though the humans as a whole thought of themselves as superior to everyone else because of their "race", or species or whathaveyou.