Mercurius
Legend
Finally catching up to a point where I can start quoting and commenting
I'm bolding that description, because that is where I want to focus for a second.
What does "brutal-savage-evil" give us anyways? What value are we getting.
For example, Evil. Why have something born evil? That is not only boring but just a huge problem from a worldbuilding perspective. So figure out why they are Evil. Are they evil because they believe in "might makes right" and "the strong rule the weak". Great, we can work with that. We can imagine a society that has been at war so long that the idea of offering mercy to an enemy is seen as abberrant. They don't spar or train, if they get into a fight it is until one of them stops moving, because that proves they are strong.
And why are they that way? Well, I already explained it. War. Endless centuries of War.
And now, we look at Brutal and Savage. Well, that slots in nicely doesn't it? I'm picturing that Rambo: Last Blood movie. Brutal and Savage describes how Rambo killed all those men. War would do that.
But, now we get to the kicker. The truly beautiful part of this. What happens to orcs not raised in Orc society? None of that above stuff applies to them. Those norms are not the norms they have. Their worship of Gruumsh as the God of Strength might be for the Strength to forgive others. They didn't have that formative moment where two children got into a scrap, one helps the other up, and the adult demeans them because a true warrior would finish off his enemy, not aid him in standing. Without those experiences, Orcs are just people.
The problem is, they are human. At a fundamental level, they have to be.
I don't remember which ancient philosopher it was, but they made a claim that I think applies here. "Man is the measure of all things"
We, as humans, cannot create a race of people that use language, tools, and housing without making them a mirror of ourselves. We just can't, because we are the only thing we have ever encountered that does those things. And, every single time in history someone has said "but those aren't really people" they've been wrong.
So, I think the solution is very much to limit things to points that aren't personality based. Orcs, Humans and Halflings are very similiar in terms of lifespan, and halflings and humans seem to be very similar in just about all aspects.
Elves, Dwarves and Gnomes all live a lot longer, and that can be used to make them different. You can also do things like I gave Elves a "memory garden". Essentially when they Trance, they can revisit and affect their own memories. They can literally chose to forget things, or enshrine certain memories. That makes them different without having to say something like "All elves are born more empathetic than the other races, their gods demanding that they learn everything about other people they can" Which, would just be weird.
I also want to point this out. You never have a race "born with" or "forced by a god" to have good traits. Orcs are just born violent and savage, but no race is just born kind-hearted and merciful. Something to consider.
Good post--and some excellent solutions. I generally agree with what you're saying here, with the caveat of what I just wrote in my reply to Hussar, which I'll put slightly differently here.
The rules of fantasy are different from the rules of the real world. We all love that word "verisimilitude" (one of those big words used far more within the RPG community than outside it), which is quite relevant and I think goes along with what you are saying: the fantasy world must make sense within its own context, it must be internally coherent, but doesn't need to abide by how things work in our world. Thus an "all-evil" race can make sense if, as you say, it is grounded within the context of the world.
So, yes, "man is the measure of all things" and everything we imaginatively create will be a reflection of who we are. But orcs (for instance) aren't simply mirrors of who we are; they are mirrors of certain aspects of who we are. In Tolkien's world, they are the shadow to elves, which mirror those "higher" aspects of human nature. In a way we can say that in Middle-earth: Humans = elves + orcs. Elves are elves, orcs are orcs, but humans have some choice in who and what we are, and in that sense have a nature of freedom that potentially makes them even greater than elves.
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