D&D General Muscular Neutrality (thought experiment)
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Oh, when we stray into using physical analogs for morals!
"Visible" is subjective. Darkness is a human perception of there being insufficient visible light present to inform us about our surroundings. But, what seems like pitch blackness to me is perfectly navigable to my housecat. And there are creatures that can perceive parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that I cannot. And there are people who are profoundly blind, and cannot perceive light at all beyond perhaps the warming of their skin.
From which we either have to conclude that moral relativism is the only way to go, or that perhaps the analogy is not particularly useful because it contains implicit assumptions about morality that have not been established independently.
Well, any definition of one implies the other as a simple negation, which is trivial. The question is whether the negation must always be present.
Maxperson
Morkus from Orkus
It's really easy to see that he is correct. If evil didn't exist, then there would be no concept of good. Why would anyone tell someone else to be "good" if there were nothing else to be?
"You! Keep being what you are being, since you can't be anything else!!"
No. The idea of good requires there to also be an idea of evil.
Once you get the idea of evil, though, evil becomes an ever moving line. If you stop the worst evil, the current line becomes the worst. If you got rid of evil acts(as we define them today) entirely, what is at the edges would become the new evil. Humans need something to rail at and point to as bad.
Maxperson
Morkus from Orkus
Imagine a world where from the beginning there was only light. Indoors. Under ground. Everywhere. Cover your face with a cloth and there is light in-between the cloth and your face. No shadow or darkness to be found or even possibly created. Why would humans developing in such a world have a concept of light? There has never been anything else to compare it to. It would just be the state of being.
Because nobody in this place is blind?
Or discovers the photoelectric effect...
Or gets hands on a prism, and sees its effects...
Any of those will demonstrate that light is a thing, and then we can think about that thing not being present, even if we never live in that state.
Savage Wombat
Hero
It took us a long time to realize that oxygen existed, but we got there eventually...
Cosmic microwave background - Wikipedia
Clint_L
Legend
Hey man, I didn't start the analogy. I agree that it's not super useful, except in that it does illustrate the importance of context.
Sure - agreed. Darkness is what humans call the absence of visible radiation. To us. A definition that has changed as we have found that there are other ways to detect radiation. Context matters.
I definitely conclude that moral relativism is the only way to go. Well, more precisely, metaethical moral relativism. We need ethics, but there has never been discovered a way to prove that one set of ethics is objectively superior to another. From a MMR perspective, the analogy to the natural sciences is interesting (in fact, vital), because it illustrates a key distinction between moral claims, which are inherently subjective, and naturalistic claims, which are objective to the extent that they are measurable and testable. Most folks who maintain a MMR position, including me, are also naturalists, though a few are general relativists (i.e. believing that all knowledge claims are subjective).
Light is an actual physical thing, so you can discuss it purely in terms of physics. It is quantifiable. We normally discuss it in the context of typical human experience, which defines it in the context of darkness, but you could still discuss the physics of light with a blind person. "Good" and "bad" are purely conceptual; I don't think you can intelligibly discuss one without explicitly or implicitly discussing the other. Most ethics are therefore an attempt to establish a measurable quality that can be associated with the concept of good and, sometimes explicitly, sometimes implicitly, evil. Consequentialist ethics are probably the most overt at this, but really this is the fundamental premise of all ethics, and none of them have cracked it yet.
Following this thread is interesting to me in that it keeps circling back to fundamental disagreements about the definitions of moral actions, despite the OP's attempt to narrowly prescribe them. For me, and for any MMR adherent, that is an entirely predictable outcome, because attempts to objectively define an inherently subjective concept ultimately collapse into incoherence. That's why I think the optimal outcome is to just decide on what works best at each table and not worry too much about how others are doing it. It's also why, even though I don't bother worrying about "alignment," I also don't care that some of my players choose to use it (a Lawful Good paladin, for example). In fact, I think that the players and their characters having different ideas about alignment makes for better stories.
Edit: I also want to strongly emphasize that taking a MMR position does not mean abdicating ethical responsibility or judgment. To the contrary! It means recognizing that we while we need ethics, we must always be open to the possibility that our ethical judgment in a particular situation is wrong, so that we maintain flexibility and an awareness of the importance of context. And we recognize that ultimately most ethical decisions are pragmatic choices (meaning pragmatic in the philosophical sense).
There is a perpetual critique, especially from self-righteous quarters, that advocating for an MMR position is the same as advocating for moral anarchy, but that is the exact opposite of the MMR position. I consider myself a highly ethical person, while also recognizing that my ethics are contextual.
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Clint_L
Legend
Circling back around to muscular neutrality, the Druid as originally envisaged by TSR offers an interesting way of looking at a morally relativist position. As originally described, Druids essentially took the position that ethics needed to be framed relative to the needs of the natural world. This was still an ethical position, just one that reframed the subjective frameworks of "good" and "evil" from a non-human (non-sentient?) perspective. So if a 1e druid was "neutral", it was in the sense of believing that "good" meant maintaining natural harmony, without primary regard for the impact on exclusively sentient creatures.
In other words, from their perspective, they were not neutral, they were good, but they were neutral from the perspective of, say, a paladin. Or a Gary Gygax.
In other words, from their perspective, they were not neutral, they were good, but they were neutral from the perspective of, say, a paladin. Or a Gary Gygax.
Maxperson
Morkus from Orkus
No. None of those things are present. This hypothetical has a point.
In any case, even if they can identify different colors with a prism and see the effects, that still wouldn't give a concept of darkness or what light means in comparison to it. Light, if it was even called that, would just be this thing that can be broken into pretty colors.
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