Sure there is. For one thing, a spell has a level and consumes a slot. A spell has (or explicitly does not have) specific types of components: verbal, somatic, material; each of which can be disrupted. Slots are 100% fungible within a single level, and very near fungible (minus scaling effects) in general. A spell can be counterspelled, or deactivated by an antimagic field, or otherwise negated in ways that do not generalize to "literally any pre-defined thing someone can do."
Spells, in the D&D sense, are a VERY specific thematic and mechanical package. They are not, and should not be mistaken for, a totally general "any repeatable magical effect" mechanic.