According to your play style of course. In my play style, choosing actions that are consistent with character beliefs would never result in an alignment shift since the player believes that his actions are in keeping with his alignment, and thus would actually be in keeping with his alignment. LG, to me, does not exist outside of the character. If my LG character is pulling a 24 and torturing prisoners to save someone (or something) then I would never consider my character to be actually LG.
Then again, I wouldn't start torturing with that character since it would be out of character. It would be like Superman starting to torture people.
Now, let’s assume we are not playing a solo game, and that there are other characters in the game, some or all of whom are also (or profess to be) LG. One of these considers it quite appropriate to “pull a 24 and torture prisoners to save someone”. In fact, he even asserts that your character’s refusal to do so means that he cannot truly be PG, as the Greatest Good for the Greatest Number requires we gain this information quickly, which can only be done by torturing it out of this one person. Sucks to be him, but the greatest good for the greatest number absolutely requires he do so.
You raise your Superman case, and he asserts that Supes has never been placed in a situation where there was no other way, and he would do the same thing if he were, or if he would not, that just shows he’s not REALLY LG. Maybe he’s NG because he can’t bring himself to any compromise of Good to one individual to serve Good for the Greatest Number. Then he yanks some DC Archives off the shelf with the Golden Age Superman threatening to drop someone from a substantial height if his questions aren’t answered (the Superman morality has changed over the years, a point also made above, although the general populace is most familiar with the Big Blue Boy Scout Silver/Bronze Age Superman).
So you, the player who can never be wrong about his character’s beliefs and how they accord with alignment, are 100% certain that torturing the prisoner is violating the LG alignment, and the other player, who also can never be wrong about his character’s beliefs and how they accord with alignment, is 100% certain that torturing the prisoner is the only choice which does not violate the LG alignment. Where do we go from there?
Agreed. This is my puzzlement in a nutshell - if the GM-stipulated alignment is objectively how things are in the gameworld, then it makes no sense to contest that. As I mentioned upthread, it's like arguing with a tape-measure.
In that 24 example, the character (and the player) may well conclude that this Cosmic Good is all fine, and my preference would have been for there to be another way, but there was not. I’d do it again – at least in this case, the ends justify the means. He has decided, perhaps, that Lawful good is not, after all, the best
alignment you can be because it allows compassion to interfere with the greater good. Perhaps he has decided that, in fact, Lawful neutral is the best
alignment you can be because it means you are reliable and honorable without being a zealot about compassion, and will do what is needed to TRULY deliver the greatest god for the greatest number, where those G characters are too mired in their compassion for those who don’t deserve it to take the necessary action for those who most merit protection and respect.
Maybe he even becomes LE, like that monk who feels some people sacrifice any right to life or dignity by their actions.
Obviously few people think a world in which a person is killed by way of defensive violence is a better world than one in which a peaceful resolution was found. But on it's own that doesn't mean that it cannot be morally obligatory to perform an act of defensive violence, even a lethal act. (For instance, to prevent a culpable person killing an innocent person.) If the act is morally obligatory, then among other properties it probably has the property of being good in all the circumstances, in the sense of best instantiating the values that are worth pursuing.
It is a compromise of one tenet of Good (not killing or hurting others) in the course of upholding another (defense of the innocent). Cutting that person down in the street because, maybe, he might resort to violence is a very different context from defending the innocent from his attack.
And what does the phrase "departure from the tenets of good justified by other realities" even mean? What are these "other realities"?
You provide an excellent example above.
Obviously The only sense I can make of the phrase is that "it is an action that undermines, in one respect, a value - namely, the value of the life of the evildoer - because there is a permission, or perhaps a duty, to uphold a different value, or perhaps a different instantiation of the same value that is more worthy of being upheld - such as the life of the innocent." A person who makes the right choice about which instance of a given value to uphold, in circumstances where both instances cannot be upheld, looks like a good person to me.
Where striking a person down in the street is much more likely an evil act, the same act in the defense of an innocent person is mitigated. Whether that moves it to Good, or only out of Evil, is questionable. I would say that the killing has lost its Evil character, moving it to Neutral, and the defense of the innocent is a Good act, making the entirety of the act Good on balance. Overall, the character is upholding Good and not committing Evil, so an appropriate act for a Paladin.
A better act might well be talking the attacker down, or defeating him without killing him. Superman would certainly manage one of the two. But then, he’s Superman. The Paladin may not be so clearly superior to his foe as to be confidently able to achieve those results before the innocent is harmed. Now, if the attacker is a low level shopkeeper with a dagger, and our Paladin is 15
th level and can easily prevent any loss of life (and he is aware of all of these facts), then the situation changes again.
Let’s take a different tack. The culpable attacker has also made an enemy of a black hearted villain. As the attacker charges the innocents, that villain steps from the shadows, and cuts the attacker down. “Let that be a lesson to all who would cross me.” Is he now Good because he saved the innocents, or does the motive behind his act change its character? I would lean to the latter.
To reiterate, context is important.