Anything that requires DM Fiat is probably off the table.
It could work, but it could give you a big dose of monkey paw.
Mostly, the duplicate could be hostile. Or, being very like the wizard, willing to feign obedience until he can use his own clone army and the advantage of surprise to get rid of the orginal
Running the chain in its most basic, RAW form, after 30 days, your're producing 5 sims per hour. After 10 years, your chains are able to produce 1 sim per round. A huge time investment (though preparing by identifying a quiet place in the Feywild where time goes much slower than in the Prime is a good preliminary step) but it's probably the easiest RAW way to destroy the whole universe.
@Son of a serpent: why would you want to be cloned as a red dragon? (for the purpose of making Pazuzu cry?)
Edit: especially, once you have your once-a-round wish-granting army, you could easily spare a few rounds to have one use its 9th level slot to cast True Polymorh on its next-in-line. He would become a true Adult Gold Dragon (since it's CR 17), not a simulacra of one. He could then use his own shapechange ability to turn into a CR17 humanoid spellcaster. Since a 18th level spellcaster (the archmage) is a CR12 creature, he would become a true 18th level wizard, able to recover his slots by resting... and probably start a chain of simulacra by itself.
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