Certainly, I can think of nothing, off-hand, in the major ethical systems and religions of the world that suggests you should not offend people simply because they are offended, and numerous examples of when it is suggested that people may have to simply accept being offended. The Golden Rule suggests that the situation should be dealt with in a way that benefits everyone equally, not to the sole benefit of the person who chooses to be offended.
I'm surprised. Maybe you're not looking in the right place.
Tort law has a concept called a "dignity tort." Back in the old days, battery and assault constituted dignity torts. They're a kind of intentional tort.
Restatement of Torts 2d said:
§ 8A Intent
The word "intent" is used throughout the Restatement of this Subject to denote that the actor desires to cause consequences of his act, or that he believes that the consequences are substantially certain to result from it.
The important part is that last clause, that the person committing battery doesn't desire the result of the tort, but believes that the consequences are substantially certain.
The Restatement of Torts is an attempt to catalog, in a scholarly fashion, the common law (or judge made law) of various jurisdictions in the U.S. It's part amalgamation of the law of all the states, part reform effort. To my knowledge, the Restatement's definitions of intent, battery, and assault are fairly accurate.
Restatement of Torts 2d said:
§ 18 Battery: Offensive Contact
(1) An actor is subject to liability to another for battery if
(a) he acts intending to cause a harmful or offensive contact with the person of the other or a third person, or an imminent apprehension of such a contact, and
(b) an offensive contact with the person of the other directly or indirectly results.
(2) An act which is not done with the intention stated in Subsection (1, a) does not make the actor liable to the other for a mere offensive contact with the other's person although the act involves an unreasonable risk of inflicting it and, therefore, would be negligent or reckless if the risk threatened bodily harm.
Note the idea of harmful or offensive contact. It doesn't have to cause injury, it can simply be offensive to the person.
The American Law Institute (the body that writes the Restatements) comments on the various sections that are supposed to constitute "the law." One of the comment to section 18 is particularly interesting. (It also contradictions something I said earlier.)
Restatement of Torts 2d said:
d. Knowledge of contact. In order that the actor may be liable under the statement in this Subsection, it is not necessary that the other should know of the offensive contact which is inflicted upon him at the time when it is inflicted. The actor's liability is based upon his intentional invasion of the other's dignitary interest in the inviolability of his person and the affront to the other's dignity involved therein. This affront is as keenly felt by one who only knows after the event that an indignity has been perpetrated upon him as by one who is conscious of it while it is being perpetrated.
So, if someone offensively touches someone and they don't find out till later, that person is still on the hook.
But battery requires touching, what if there's no touching? Is someone who makes a move to offensively touch someone still libel under a dignity tort? Yep, the tort of assault.
Restatement of Torts 2d said:
§ 21 Assault
(1) An actor is subject to liability to another for assault if:
(a) he acts intending to cause a harmful or offensive contact with the person of the other or a third person, or an imminent apprehension of such a contact, and
(b) the other is thereby put in such imminent apprehension.
In this case, almost the entirety of the tort is in the person's mind. If the person feels imminent apprehension, then assaulter is libel. If there is no imminent apprehension, there is no assault.
Of course, both of these torts involve either physical contact or the threat of physical contact (neither are something covered by Lanefan's original scenario).
So what about non physical contact? Can someone be libel under the law for causing someone emotional distress? Yes. It's a newer tort, but it's available in many jurisdictions.
Restatement of Torts 2d said:
§ 46 Outrageous Conduct Causing Severe Emotional Distress
(1) One who by extreme and outrageous conduct intentionally or recklessly causes severe emotional distress to another is subject to liability for such emotional distress, and if bodily harm to the other results from it, for such bodily harm.
Notice that bodily harm isn't necessarily a requirement. (Though some states might require that.) Also, I believe that recklessly isn't an element in many states that have this tort. Still, it exists.
Fortunately, American Law Institute has helped us with example about what, in their opinion, would constitute outrageous conduct.
Restatement of Torts 2d said:
Illustrations:
f. The extreme and outrageous character of the conduct may arise from the actor's knowledge that the other is peculiarly susceptible to emotional distress, by reason of some physical or mental condition or peculiarity. The conduct may become heartless, flagrant, and outrageous when the actor proceeds in the face of such knowledge, where it would not be so if he did not know. It must be emphasized again, however, that major outrage is essential to the tort; and the mere fact that the actor knows that the other will regard the conduct as insulting, or will have his feelings hurt, is not enough.
11. A, who knows that B is pregnant, intentionally shoots before the eyes of B a pet dog, to which A knows that B is greatly attached. B suffers severe emotional distress, which results in a miscarriage. A is subject to liability to B for the distress and for the miscarriage.
Pretty bad stuff. In case you are reading this posting thinking "that's outragious, I've cause people 'emotional distress' a million times!" Note that the conduct has to be
really outrageous. Your typical hijinx aren't enough.
13. A is an otherwise normal girl who is a little overweight, and is quite sensitive about it. Knowing this, B tells A that she looks like a hippopotamus. This causes A to become embarrassed and angry. She broods over the incident, and is made ill. B is not liable to A.
The notion that you shouldn't offend people simply because that they would be offended is found in law that's been around for literally centuries.
Mind you, I'm not talking about crimes. Yes, there is a crime called battery, but I'm talking about torts. If Player 1 intentionally hits Player 2 and Player 2 is offended, Player 2 can sue for battery. The standard of proof isn't "beyond a reasonable doubt" it's more likely than not, or about 51%.
While I'm at it, don't forget about libel and slander.
Also, I'm not a lawyer, no one reading this is my client. This is about as close to legal advice as my cat is to being a martian.