Morgenstern said:
I have to agree that there gets to be a certain amount of laziness in feat design. A lot of designers ignore the negative implication of feats - using the example above, if you make a feat for Shield Surfing (rather than a skill check) then the implication is that NO ONE without the feat can shield surf.
I find the best feats are tied to new systems or skill uses. If you say "Shield Surfing is a Balance check, DC 25. A failed check leaves you flat-footed." Then you've established it can be done, but it ain't easy and set up a consequence to actively discourage amateur shield surfers. It also lays the groundwork for a good feat like Shield Surfing, with a prerequisite of "Balance 6+ ranks" (makes sense since you'r gonna be making Balance checks) and a benefit of "You gain a +8 to Balance checks to perform a Shield Surfing action (see Balance skill, page XX). Further, if you fail this check, you do not become flat footed." Viola, anyone can try but a person with the feat looks good doing it, even if he fails. When you find a books that adds a variety activities and support, and the feats to go with it, you are getting a complete sub-sytem, and not just some feat-fodder.
I'm also fond of finding new books that feats for use outside of combat/spell casting that I'd actually want to take. Unfortunately, since the skill use side of the game is often anemic compared to the love lavished on killin' things, such feats are rare. Hard to have feats for exceptional guile and grace in a courtly setting, when there are few rules for interation in a court to begin with...
I think you have hit the nail on the head here.
Feats, to me, are one of the most improperly used features of the d20 game. And I speak as a d20 publisher (a small one, but a d20 publisher nonetheless).
I try to divide my thinking on "how can this be done" into four camps:
1.) Clear-cut Skill Use
2.) Special Maneuver/Technique - anyone can try this, but it's hard to do - apply a DC to a skill roll, ability check, attack roll, or some combination of the above. This should not be a Feat, though a Feat that aids you in pulling it off or mitigates some of the negative circumstances associated with failure is okay.
3.) "Non-magical" special training - This, to me, should be covered by Feats. You flat-out can't even attempt it without training because it's either too hard or it's a "breaks the normal rules" (a good example of this, to me, is Whirlwind Attack - it is far enough away from the normal "attack progression rules" as to need a SINGLE separate mechanic). Metamagic feats also fall into this category - it's a form of of "mundane" training even though the Feat's effects apply to spells.
4.) "Magical" special training - This is stuff that you simply cannot do without the aid of magic. A Supernatural ability is the quintessential example. For instance, learning how to "phase through a wall" to attack your quarry as an assassin - no amount of mundane training would let you do this. I favor making these (a) class abilities of a Prestige Class or (b) things for which a direct XP expenditure is required (similar to crafting a magic item).
In my view, if you could even attempt something without special training, it should be a maneuver. For instance, "Attacking an opponent's weapon" - you can do it without special training, but training makes it easier.
Deflecting an arrow with a Reflex save - this falls slightly outside the "normal" system (in which AC already incorporates the dodge/deflect ability of the target) - so as a single mechanic outside the normal system, this deserves a Feat. The reason that the untrained character can't try it is that it's already assumed in Armor Class calculation.
Hurling a longsword - certainly this could be tried IRL without training... you don't need a Feat for it, you just need a mechanic (e.g., 5' increment, -4 nonproficiency penalty for no proficiency in "thrown longsword"). However a "longsword thrower" Feat (which eliminates the -4 penalty and increases the increment to 10') is in order.
Basically, I wish publishers would look at something and ask, "could normal Joe Schmoe try it with a reasonable chance of success?" If the answer is, "yes," it needs to be a maneuver, not a Feat... and the Feat should make the maneuver "easier to do." Making that distinction alone would go a long way.
--The Sigil