Re: Tolkien
I think it's the inclusion of elves, dwarves, orcs and goblins (together with the orc/goblin-like other savage humanoids), and humans who can be either good or evil, that had the biggest impact. That decision was made in Chainmail and continued on into D&D.
It determines the party composition, many of their opponents, the 'racial geography' of D&D worlds (elves in the forests, dwarves in the mountains, etc), and the wider conflict. The wider conflict in D&D world is good humans + demihumans vs evil humans + savage humanoids on the material plane, mirrored by a conflict between good and evil gods (or demons/devils) in the divine realm. D&D adopting Tolkien's idea of races being created by gods of appropriate alignment gave this a boost.
Yeah I think the inclusion and focus of races in Tolkien works has created a feedback loop.
- Gygax uses Tolkien good races as the PC races and uses a strong alignment system like one found in Tolkien works.
- LOTR fans flock to D&D due to the familiar aspects
- Fans begin to emphasize aspects of Tolkien works in their games
- D&D tables get more Gritty, Medieval, Tolkienesque, and European.
- LOTR fans flock to D&D due to the familiar aspects
- Fans begin to emphasize aspects of Tolkien works in their games
- D&D tables get more Gritty, Medieval, Tolkienesque, and European.
- LOTR fans flock to D&D due to the familiar aspects
- Fans begin to emphasize aspects of Tolkien works in their games
- D&D tables get more Gritty, Medieval, Tolkienesque, and European.
- LOTR fans flock to D&D due to the familiar aspects
- Fans begin to emphasize aspects of Tolkien works in their games
- D&D tables get more Gritty, Medieval, Tolkienesque, and European.