In 1st ed AD&D the magic-user is not just artillery. S/he is also anti-personnel (charm person, hold person, confusion, sleep, etc) and terrain control (mostly via illusions, but also with walls, transmute rock to mud, etc). The illusionist sub-class is a specialist at this, and better at it at lower levels.The traditional roles of basic D&D where
Defender (cleric)
Striker (Fighter)
Artillery/Blaster (Wizard)
Non combat specialist (Thief)
then the ranger came in and was a fighter/mage/thief hybrid
Also in 1st ed AD&D, the ranger is not really a fighger/mage/thief hybrid. Spell-casting doesn't kick in until 8th level, and remains very modest. The only out-of-combat ability comparable to a thief's is tracking. The ranger is mostly a humanoid slayer (+1 per level to damage) who helps the party avoid surprise.