Elemental/terrain associations for the classic D&D demons actually exist in the old BD&D Immortals Set. They don't use the (A)D&D names, but it's pretty clear from the descriptions which is which:
"Screaming Demon (
Air Demon, Winged Fury)" is the vrock.
"Croaking Demon (
Swamp Demon, Gobbler)" is the hezrou.
"Howling Demon (
Fire Demon, Four-Armed Horror)" is the glabrezu.
"Groaning Demon (
Forest Demon, Biter)" is the nalfeshnee.
"Hissing Demon (
Water Demon, Destroyer)" is the marilith.
"Roaring Demon (
Mountain Demon, Manslayer)" is the balor.
"Whispering Demon (Charmer, Gray Deceiver)" is the succubus, but we know she's switched camps.
EDIT: Woah. A second look reveals a philosophical theme I've always used but never thought D&D would go for: Evil is corrupted Good. Devils are fallen angels . . . demons are corrupted elementals.