"Winning" by gaining currency is a feature of several versions of Traveller. It works for me.
"Winning" as gaining gear is a feature of most editions of D&D as well as games like WoW. It doesn't really appeal to me.
Currency in Traveller can lead to equipment, better gear, more gear. And the other way around, if you sell things you've "obtained".
"Winning" by gaining renown rather than levels intrigues me. Does anyone know a game that does this?
Pendragon? Completing adventures gains you fame even when there isn't any other reward, although every 1000 Fame points you do get a point to put into an ability. Renown is certainly something you can use in the game, although it's not always to your benefit.