So orcs, trolls, ogres, goblins and kobolds in my world are survivors of the last time the world ended. The common races are refugees who got dumped on a continent they thought was cursed by less than omnipotent gods trying to save them from dying worlds and got centuries to develop before first contact. The new dragons were assigned as guardians.
Orcs were the rulers of an empire on the eastern continent. The dragons noticed them and figured an advanced society across the pond was a threat. They ended up taking over the world because... dragon.
End result is that the 'monstrous' races and the common races both got their society and cultures jacked for a few hundred years and so now everyone is living with the rebuilt versions. The orcs ended up being all but wiped out, surviving as tiny populations that eventually interbred with locals or by transforming into minotaurs. The minotaurs now uphold the Old Ways of appreciating that one has a strong body and wanting to balance it with improving mind and soul through art, service, or combat acumen. How they channel this depends on the local culture.
Having lived through Armageddon and the hell that followed, most non-orcs had turned to some form of 'worship' of death.
Goblins believed in death was an all-consuming maw, devouring everything in its path. They conspired to choke it to death by breeding with ferocity. Observant goblins of sexual maturity see it as their duty to have as many children as possible. This means that their society is run essentially by teens who have not reached the age of maturity who aren't making and caring for babies. These teens either develop iron bonds of responsibility or strike out to have experiences before they have to settle down and 'choke the maw' as it were.
Due to having a unique spacial awareness, goblins are also really good at physics, expressing untapped engineering talent they're only just now discovering as goblin teens spread out and visit distant lands. This is causing a lot of them to abandon their 'duty' to the maw and take up in cities as apprentices and laymen.
I'll do kobolds, trolls and orges later.